银屑病患者疾病心理社会适应现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of psychosocial adjustment levels in patients with psoriasis

目的调查银屑病患者疾病心理社会适应水平现状及其影响因素。方法选取2022年9月至12月山东第一医科第一附属医院、山东省皮肤病医院、山东第一医科大学附属省立医院、山东中医药大学附属医院、山东大学齐鲁医院皮肤科就诊的376例银屑病患者为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、疾病心理社会适应量表、医院焦虑抑郁量表、接纳与行动问卷第二版进行问卷调查。采用Pearson相关分析焦虑抑郁、心理灵活性与疾病心理社会适应水平的相关性,采用多元线性回归分析银屑病患者疾病心理社会适应的主要影响因素。结果银屑病患者疾病心理社会适应总分为(56.23±11.09)分,呈低心理社会适应水平。单因素分析结果显示,不同年龄、文化程度、婚姻、居住地、收入、职业、是否复发、银屑病分型、患病时间、家族史、皮损是否暴露、皮损面积的患者疾病心理社会适应水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,焦虑抑郁、心理灵活性与疾病心理社会适应均呈正相关(P<0.05);多元线性回归分析结果显示,职业,是否复发、银屑病分型、患病时间、皮损是否暴露、家族史、焦虑抑郁、心理灵活性是银屑病患者疾病心理社会适应水平的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论银屑病患者疾病心理社会适应水平较低,职业、是否复发、银屑病分型、患病时间、家族史、皮损是否暴露、焦虑抑郁和心理灵活性是银屑病患者疾病心理社会适应的主要影响因素,医务人员应关注银屑病患者心理社会适应状况,根据其影响因素制定针对性干预措施,提高心理社会适应水平。

Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of psychosocial adjustment levels in patients with psoriasis.Methods From September 2022 to December 2022,376 patients with psoriasis were collected from Department of Dermatology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University,Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases,Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University,Affiliated Hospital to Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Qilu Hospital of Shandong University.General information questionnaire,psychosocial adjustment to illness scale,hospital anxiety and depression scale,acceptance and action questionnaire(second version)were used to investigate.Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between anxiety,depression,psychological flexibility,and psychosocial adjustment to illness.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the main influencing factors of psychosocial adjustment in psoriasis patients.Results The total score of psychosocial adjustment for psoriasis patients was(56.23±11.09)points,showing a low level of psychosocial adjustment.The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in psychosocial adjustment levels of patients with different age,educational history,marriage,place of residence,income,occupation,recurrence,classification of psoriasis,duration of illness,family history,skin lesion exposure,skin lesion area(P<0.05).The correlation analysis results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between anxiety,depression,psychological flexibility,and psychosocial adjustment to illness(P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that occupation,recurrence,classification of psoriasis,duration of illness,skin lesion exposure,family history,anxiety and depression,psychological flexibility were the main influencing factors of the psychosocial adjustment level in patients with psoriasis(P<0.05).Conclusion Psoriasis patients have a relatively low level of psychosocial adjustment to illness.Occupation,recurrence,classification of psoriasis,duration of illness,family history,skin lesion exposure,anxiety and depression,and psychological flexibility are the main influencing factors of psychosocial adjustment of psoriasis patients.Medical staff should pay attention to the psychosocial adjustment of psoriasis patients,and formulate targeted interventions according to influencing factors,and improve their psychosocial adjustment level.