固态相变法制备纳米复合氧化物陶瓷的研究进展

A Review on the Preparation of Nanocomposite Oxide Ceramics by Solid State Phase Transformation Method

氧化物陶瓷具有较高的机械强度、电绝缘性能、化学稳定性等,是用途最宽、应用最广、产量最大的陶瓷材料,已经应用于航空航天、军事国防、工业生产等领域。然而,氧化物陶瓷的脆性,严重制约了其在尖端领域的更广泛应用。针对这一难题,近几十年来,国内外学者开始探索固态相变法制备精细纳米结构的氧化物复合陶瓷。通过固态相变法构筑纳米复合氧化物陶瓷的纳米/亚微米/微米尺度的结构,以提高纳米复合氧化物陶瓷的力学性能。本文系统综述了固态相变法对纳米复合氧化物陶瓷结构和性能的影响,旨在阐明相关的原理及工艺,为高性能纳米复合氧化物陶瓷的制备提供参考与借鉴。

Oxide ceramics are the most widely used and most productive ceramic materials with high mechanical strength,electrical insulation performance,chemical stability,etc.They are widely used in aerospace,military defense,industrial production and other fields.However,the brittleness of oxide ceramics seriously restricts its wider application in cutting-edge fields.In order to solve this problem,scholars both domestically and internationally have begun to explore the solid state phase transition method for preparing fine nanostructured oxide composite ceramics in recent decades.They constructed the nano/submicron/micron scale structure of nanocomposite oxide ceramics by solid state phase transformation to improve their mechanical properties.This paper systematically reviews the effects of solid state phase transition method on the microstructure and properties of nanocomposite oxide ceramics,aiming to elucidate their related principles and processes,and provide references for the preparation of high-performance nanocomposite oxide ceramics.