室内公共场所二手烟暴露与儿童睡眠不足的关联

Association between secondhand smoke exposure in indoor public places and sleep deprivation in children

目的 探究室内公共场所的二手烟暴露与儿童睡眠不足的关联,为加强公共场所禁烟管理和促进儿童的睡眠健康提供依据。方法 数据来自于“桓台儿童心血管健康队列”在2021年11—12月开展的第二次随访调查,共1 284名10~15岁儿童纳入研究。根据过去7 d室内公共场所二手烟暴露频率,将儿童分为0,1~2,3~4和≥5 d共4组。采用多元线性回归分析儿童睡眠时间随着二手烟暴露频率的变化趋势,采用多因素Logistic回归分析二手烟暴露频率与儿童睡眠不足的关系。结果 在调整年龄、性别、年级、身体活动、蔬菜水果摄入、饮料摄入、视频时间、体质量指数和血压后,过去7 d内有0,1~2,3~4和≥5 d室内公共场所二手烟暴露的儿童平均睡眠时间分别为8.48,8.41,8.20和8.06 h/d,儿童平均睡眠时间随着暴露频率的增加呈现下降趋势(t值分别为5.96,5.89,5.91,P值均<0.01);过去7 d内有0,1~2,3~4和≥5 d室内公共场所二手烟暴露的儿童睡眠不足的检出率分别为40.02%,43.07%,54.65%和63.41%。与过去7 d未在室内公共场所受到二手烟暴露的儿童相比,暴露3~4 d(OR=1.93,95%CI=1.19~3.15)和≥5 d(OR=2.95,95%CI=1.76~4.94)的儿童出现睡眠不足的风险增加(P值均<0.05)。结论 儿童的睡眠时间随着二手烟暴露频率的增加而减少,经常暴露于二手烟环境中的儿童更容易出现睡眠不足的问题。应加强对公共场所,尤其是室内场所的禁烟管理,以促进儿童的睡眠健康。

Objective To examine the association between secondhand smoke(SHS)exposure in indoor public places and sleep deprivation,so as to provide a reference for strengthening the management of a smoking ban in public places and to promote better sleep in childhood.Methods Data were obtained from the second follow-up survey of the Huantai Childhood Cardiovascular Health Cohort Study,which was conducted from November to December 2021.A total of 1284 children aged 10-15 years old were included in the study.The participants were assigned to four groups(0,1-2,3-4 and≥5 days)according to the frequency which they were exposed to SHS in indoor public places in the previous 7 days.Multiple linear regression was performed to examine the trend of children's sleep duration with the frequency of SHS exposure.Multivariate Logistic regression was carried out to determine the association between frequency of SHS and sleep deprivation.Results After adjusting for age,sex,grade,physical activity,intake of fruits/vegetables,intake of soft drinks,screen duration,body mass index(BMI)and blood pressure,the average sleep duration of children who were exposed to SHS for 0,1-2,3-4 and≥5 days in the previous 7 days was 8.48,8.41,8.20 and 8.06 h/d,respectively,and the average sleep duration decreased with exposure frequency of SHS(t=5.96,5.89,5.91,P<0.01).The proportion of sleep deprivation among children who were exposed to SHS in public places for 0,1-2,3-4 and≥5 days in the previous 7 days was 40.02%,43.07%,54.65%and 63.41%,respectively.Compared to children who were not exposed to SHS in indoor public places in the past 7 days,those exposed for 3-4 days(OR=1.93,95%CI=1.19-3.15)or≥5 days(OR=2.95,95%CI=1.76-4.94)had a significantly increased risk of sleep deprivation(P<0.05).Conclusion Children's sleep time decreases with increasing frequency of exposure to SHS,and children who are frequently exposed to SHS are more likely to experience insufficient sleep.Smoking ban management in public places should be strengthened to promote children's sleep health,especially indoor public places.