性教育课程对大班幼儿性相关知信行的干预效果评价

Effectiveness of sex education curriculum on sex-related knowledge,attitude and practice of preschool children in senior class

目的 评价性教育课程对大班幼儿性相关知信行的影响效果,为今后推动幼儿性教育的全面开展提供参考依据。方法 于2021年12月至2022年7月,采用两阶段分层抽样法,选择泸州市的12所幼儿园,其中6所的大班幼儿作为干预组(干预前360名,干预后354名),另外6所的大班幼儿作为对照组(干预前416名,干预后326名)。干预组以系列课程的形式开展幼儿性教育课堂,系列课程共4个专题,每月开展1个专题,包括1次家长课程和3次幼儿课程;对照组进行常规教学管理。干预前后均对幼儿及其家长进行幼儿性教育知信行情况的调查。采用χ^(2)检验分析干预效果。结果干预前干预组与对照组幼儿在性教育相关知信行方面的差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。干预后干预组与对照组幼儿在性相关知识掌握率(77.4%,69.6%)、态度良好率(73.7%,10.1%)、行为良好率(59.3%,38.0%)及知信行良好率(37.9%,1.8%)方面的差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为5.28,279.77,30.77,134.62,P值均<0.05)。干预组干预前后在性相关知识掌握率、态度良好率、行为良好率及知信行良好率方面的差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为63.39,344.31,41.41,161.03,P值均<0.05)。对照组干预前后在性相关知识掌握率方面的差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=44.29,P<0.05)。结论 幼儿性教育课程提高了幼儿的性相关知识掌握率,改善了性相关的态度和行为。应鼓励幼儿园积极推进对幼儿及其家长的性教育培训及指导,提高幼儿性相关知信行的良好率。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of sex education curriculum on sex-related knowledge,attitude and practice of preschool children in senior class,so as to provide a reference basis for the comprehensive development of early childhood sex education in the future.Methods From December 2021 to July 2022,the two-stage stratified sampling method was used to select 12 kindergartens in Luzhou City,of which 6 senior classes were chosen as the intervention group(360 before the intervention,354 after the intervention),and the other 6 senior classes as the control group(416 before the intervention,326 after the intervention).The intervention group was conducted with early childhood sex education classes in the form of a series of courses,with a total of four topics including one parent course and three child courses every month,while the control group received routine teaching schedule.A survey was conducted on the knowledge,attitude and practice of early childhood sex education among preschool children and their parents before and after the intervention.χ^(2) text analysis was used to carry out the effect.Results There was no statistically significant difference in sexual education related knowledge,attitude and practice between the intervention group and the control group before intervention(P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the awareness rate of sexual knowledge(77.4%,69.6%),positive attitude rate(73.7%,10.1%),good practice rate(59.3%,38.0%),and good knowledge,attitude and practice rate(37.9%,1.8%)between the intervention group and the control group after intervention(χ^(2)=5.28,279.77,30.77,134.62,P<0.05).Similar findings were observed in the intervention group before and after the intervention(χ^(2)=63.39,344.31,41.41,161.03,P<0.05).The difference in the awareness rate of sexual related knowledge between the control group before and after intervention was statistically significant(χ^(2)=44.29,P<0.05).Conclusion The early childhood sex education curriculum might help improve sex-related knowledge,attitude and practice.Kindergartens should be encouraged to actively promote sex education,training,and guidance for preschool children and their parents,in order to improve the sex-related knowledge,attitude and practice.