高职医学生行为生活方式潜在类别分析及其与中医体质关系

Potential categories of lifestyle behavior and its relation with traditional Chinese medicine constitutions among higher vocational medical students

目的 了解高职医学生行为生活方式的潜在类别与中医体质的关系,为高职医学生的体质健康管理提供参考。方法 于2022年10—12月,采取分层整群抽样方法,对安徽省3所高职医学院校的2 720名医学生进行问卷调查,了解其行为生活方式特点和中医体质类型。通过潜在类别分析(LCA)探讨和多元Logistic回归,探究高职医学生行为生活方式潜在类别与中医体质的关系。结果 高职医学生行为生活方式可分为3个潜在类别组:基本健康型(83.60%)、吸烟饮酒型(4.85%)和饮食偏嗜型(11.55%);3个组别医学生的中医体质类型分布差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=46.32,P<0.01),基本健康型中平和质所占比例较高(46.39%),吸烟饮酒型中痰湿质所占比例较高(25.00%),饮食偏嗜型中痰湿质(20.38%)、阴虚质(15.92%)、湿热质(20.70%)占比较高。以平和质为参照,痰湿质在吸烟饮酒型和饮食偏嗜型中的发生风险分别是基本健康型的1.75(95%CI=1.09~2.77),1.78倍(95%CI=1.26~2.49)(P值均<0.05)。结论 高职医学生行为生活方式有一定的聚集特征,不同行为生活方式潜在类别与中医体质类型之间存在相关性。应结合高职医学生群体的人口学特征、行为生活方式的潜在类别特征及其中医体质特点进行针对性干预。

Objective To understand potential categories of lifestyle behaviors and its association with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution among higher vocational medical students,so as to provide reference for the physical health management of them.Methods From October to December 2022,2720 medical students from three higher vocational medical colleges in Anhui Province were selected by stratified cluster sampling method and were investigated with a questionnaire of lifestyle and TCM body constitution.Potential category analysis(LCA)and multiple linear regression were used to explore the relationship between potential categories of lifestyle behaviors and TCM constitutions.Results The lifestyle behavior of vocational medical students were classified into three potential categories:general health group(83.60%),smoking and drinking group(4.85%)and diet preference group(11.55%).There were significant differences in the distribution of TCM constitution types among the three groups(χ^(2)=46.32,P<0.01).The proportion of general health group was the higher in balanced constitution(46.39%),and the proportion of smoking and drinking type was higher in phlegm-dampness(25.00%).The dietary preferences were higher in phlegm-dampness(20.38%),Yin deficiency(15.92%)and damp-heat(20.70%).Taking balanced constitution as a reference,the occurrence risk of phlegm and dampness in smoking and drinking type and diet preference type was 1.75 times higher(95%CI=1.09-2.77)and 1.78 times higher(95%CI=1.26-2.49)than that in general health group(P<0.05).Conclusion There are certain aggregation characteristics in lifestyle behaviors among higher vocational medical students,which show significant relations with TCM constitutions.Targeted intervention should be carried out according to the demographic characteristics of higher vocational medical students,potential categories of behavior and lifestyle characteristics and TCM constitutions.