基于三级公立医院绩效考核的医院运营效率评价:以黑龙江省为例

Evaluation on Hospital Operational Efficiency Based on Performance Assessment of Tertiary Public Hospitals:Taking Heilongjiang Province as an Example

目的:在当前“国考”背景下,通过对比分析黑龙江省18家三级公立医院运营效率,为三级公立医院运营效率优化提供参考与建议。方法:基于国家绩效考核手册构建投入-产出运营效率评价指标体系,并运用DEA-Malmquist指数法进行动静态分析。结果:18家样本医院平均综合技术效率值为0.963,18家样本医院中12家运营效率DEA有效,平均全要素生产率为1.174,总体水平较高且整体向好;2021年样本医院中综合技术效率极差为0.211,全要素生产率极差为0.260,样本医院间发展差异明显。结论:黑龙江省三级公立医院整体运营效率受疫情冲击下降后反弹向好,但全省技术进步指数波动较大,提示医院实现科学管理过程需未雨绸缪。同时,要注重人力、物力和财力的投入,充分发挥规模效率带来的综合技术效率提升。此外,省内三级公立医院间发展不平衡问题仍较为突出,需要从资源配置、运营结构、管理水平及投入规模等方面改进,进一步提升医院运营效率,完善绩效考核体系。

Objective:By comparing and analyzing the operational efficiency of 18 tertiary public hospitals in Heilongjiang province,references and suggestions are provided for optimizing operational efficiency in the context of the current“national examination”.Methods:An input-output operational efficiency evaluation index system is constructed based on the national performance appraisal manual.DEA-Malmquist index method is applied for dynamic and static analysis.Results:The average comprehensive technical efficiency value is 0.963,12 out of 18 public hospitals have effective operational efficiency DEA,and the average total factor productivity is 1.174,the overall level is high and overall positive;the extreme difference of comprehensive technical efficiency in the sample in 2021 is 0.211,and the extreme difference of total factor productivity is 0.260,and the development difference between hospitals is obvious.Conclusion:The overall operational efficiency of the three-tier public hospitals in Heilongjiang Province turned to be well after the decline of epidemics,but the province’s technical progress index fluctuates greatly,warning hospitals to realize the scientific management process needs to be prepared well.Meanwhile,it needs to focus on human,material and financial resources,give full play to the scale efficiency brought about by the comprehensive technical efficiency,in addition to the tertiary public hospitals between the development of the problem of imbalance is still more prominent,the need to improve from the allocation of resources,operational structure,management level and investment scale,to further enhance the operational efficiency of hospitals,improve the performance appraisal system.