硫色曲霉的生长特性及其产赭曲霉毒素特性研究

Growth Characteristics and Ochratoxin Production of Aspergillus sulphureus

为明确硫色曲霉的生长特性和产赭曲霉毒素特性,本研究对实验室分离获得的一株硫色曲霉的生长及其赭曲霉毒素的产毒情况进行分析。通过观察菌落形态、测定生长速率以及赭曲霉毒素A(OTA)含量,分析不同固体培养基及培养条件对硫色曲霉生长和产毒的影响。结果表明,硫色曲霉在不同培养基上的生长情况和产毒差异较大,培养第8天时硫色曲霉在YES和PDA培养基上的生长直径较大,分别为7.15和6.20 cm;在不同pH值下培养硫色曲霉,当pH值为8时,硫色曲霉在YES培养基上有最大的生长直径,为5.8 cm;固体培养基上产毒量最高的是PDA培养基,OTA含量达到10.03 mg·kg^(-1);天然培养基上产毒量最高的是花生培养基,OTA含量为14.04 mg·kg^(-1)。本研究为控制农产品中硫色曲霉污染和防范赭曲霉毒素风险提供了理论基础。

In order to clarify the growth characteristics and ochratoxin production of Aspergillus sulphureus,the mycelial growth and ochratoxin production of a strain of A.sulphureus isolated in the laboratory were analyzed in this paper.Through observing colony morphology and measuring growth rate and ochratoxin A(OTA)production,the effects of different solid media and cultural condition on the growth and toxin production of A.sulphureus were analyzed.The results showed that the growth and toxin production of A.sulphureus differed greatly on different media.The growth diameters of A.sulphureus on Yeast extract sucrose(YES)medium and Potato glucose agar(PDA)medium were the largest on the 8th day,which were 7.15 and 6.20 cm,respectively.When cultured in different pH,A.sulphureus had the largest growth diameter of 5.8 cm on YES medium with pH 8.The highest toxin production on solid medium was PDA medium with the content of OTA reaching 10.03 mg·kg^(-1).The highest production on natural culture medium was peanut medium with OTA content was 14.04 mg·kg^(-1).This study could provide a theoretical basis for controlling the contamination of A.sulphureus and preventing the risk of ochratoxins in agricultural products.