常见四种溶液迁移玩具中六价铬的研究

Research Chromium(Ⅵ) in Four Common Solution Transfer Toys

常见的四种迁移溶液,即人工唾液、人工汗液、纯水和模拟胃酸,通过实验数据解析它们之间在迁移玩具中六价铬的差异,发现婴幼儿玩耍玩具时最具危害的一种行为。本实验借鉴了现行标准EN71-3:2019+A1:2021的迁移模型,针对迁移玩具中的六价铬展开研究。结果表明,组分中含有强离子交换能力离子的溶液,如乳酸,CO3-,能更有效的迁移出六价铬。p H值在1~8之间时,pH值越接近6.5~8.0的范围,六价铬的含量越高。人工唾液和人工汗液迁移六价铬的量是最高的,结合日常婴幼儿对于玩具使用的现状,发现玩具放入口中的行为常见且时间不可控,因此最具潜在风险的行为是口含住玩具,虽然目前尚未发现有相关报道或是标准的制约,但考虑到六价铬极强的生物毒性,唾液迁移六价铬的危害应该得到大家的重视。

Four common transfer solutions,namely artificial saliva,artificial sweat,pure water and simulated stomach acid,analyzed the differences of hexavalent chromium in transfer toys by experimental data,and found that one of the most harmful behaviors when infants play with toys.In this experiment,the migration model of the current standard EN 71-3:219+A1:2021 was used for reference,and the hexavalent chromium in migration toys was studied.The results show that solutions containing ions with strong ion exchange capacity,such as lactic acid,CO3-,are more efficient at transporting hexavalent chromium.When the pH is between 1 and 8,the closer the pH is to the 6.5~8.0 range,the higher the chromium content.The amount of hexavalent chromium transferred by artificial saliva and artificial sweat is the highest.Combined with the current situation of daily use of toys for infants and young children,it is found that the behavior of putting toys in the mouth is common and the time is uncontrollable,so the most potentially risky behavior is holding toys in the mouth.Although no relevant reports or standards have been found so far,considering the strong biological toxicity of hexavalent chromium,The harm of saliva migration of hexavalent chromium should be paid attention to.