陶瓷基吸波复合材料研究进展

Progress of Ceramic-based Composites for Microwave Absorption

吸波材料是一类将电磁能转化为其他形式能量而耗散掉的功能材料。陶瓷基吸波复合材料在机械性能、耐腐蚀性和高温稳定性等方面均表现优异,有望同时实现稳定的力学性能和吸波性能,在电磁屏蔽技术和雷达隐身技术中有重要的应用前景。简述了吸波材料的设计原理,阐述了陶瓷基吸波复合材料近年来的研究进展,包括各类吸波剂的作用以及优缺点、各类陶瓷基体的制备工艺和结构设计对材料的影响等,探讨了影响陶瓷基吸波复合材料吸波性能和力学性能的关键因素和调控手段。最后,对陶瓷基吸波复合材料未来的研究方向及面临的挑战进行了展望。

Absorbing materials are able to convert electromagnetic energy to other forms and dissipate it.Ceramic-based composite absorbing materials exhibit excellent mechanical properties,corrosion resistance and high-temperature stability,which are expected to have stable mechanical properties and absorbing properties,making them useful for electromagnetic shielding and radar stealth.This review was aimed to briefly describe the design principles of absorbing materials and summarize the research progress of ceramic-based composite materials for microwave absorption in recent years,including advantages and disadvantages of various absorbents,preparation process of various ceramic matrices and effects of structural designs on performandes of materials.The key factors and regulation measures that affect the absorbing and mechanical properties of ceramic-based composite absorbing materials will be discussed.Finally,the perspectives and challenges for future research of ceramic-based composite materials in microwave absorption field will be outlined.