低收入群体实现共同富裕的社会救助支持路径研究

The Support Measures of a Social Assistance Systemfor the Common Prosperity of Low-income Groups

扩大中等收入群体是实现共同富裕的关键,而提升低收入群体增收能力和社会福利水平则是扩大中等收入群体的前提和难点。通过2021年全国宏观数据,结合“城乡困难家庭抽样调查”微观数据,分析我国低收入群体的家庭特征,找准他们实现共同富裕的难点,研判实现共同富裕的优化路径。研究发现,我国低收入群体存在家庭赡养人口比例高、基本生活支出负担重、就业能力较低、家庭收入与社会平均收入水平差距较大等问题。从社会救助体系供给现状看,救助覆盖规模、救助方式、共享发展、社会力量参与等方面仍有短板。因此,要在织牢社会救助底线、推动发展型社会救助方式、完善社会救助体系和加强社会救助专业力量上持续发力。

Expanding the middle-income group is key to the realization of common prosperity,and increasing the income and social welfare of those with low income is the premise and nodus of expanding the middle-income group.This article employs the 2021 National Macro Data combined with the micro-data of the Urban and Rural Poor Families Sampling Survey to analyze the family characteristics of low-income groups in China and identify the difficulties of low-income groups in achieving common prosperity.This study aims to optimize the path of China's social assistance system to support low-income groups and achieve common prosperity.The results reveal that for low-income groups in China,the family support population proportion is high,the burden of basic living expenses is heavy,the employment ability is relatively low,and there is a significant gap between their family income and the average income level.The social assistance system has some shortcomings such as the scale of relief coverage,relief methods,shared development,and social force participation.We should make joint efforts in weaving firmly the bottom line of social assistance,promoting development-oriented social assistance,improving the social assistance system,and strengthening professional social assistance.