铁路货车底架花架机器人焊接关键技术研究

Research of key robot welding techniques for the underframe with clampers onrailway freight car

文章针对铁路货车底架花架实现机器人焊接存在的焊接路径轨迹精度难控制、部分焊缝焊接可达性差、底架花架重复定位一致性等问题,对机器人焊接应用的关键技术进行了研究分析,并提出了机器人焊接时常见的拐角角焊缝满溢和焊缝偏焊等问题的解决措施。通过合理配置底架花架变位机,选用效率更高、体积更小的焊缝寻位跟踪系统,正确设计机器人焊接路径轨迹,合理分配机器人焊接任务并进行焊接仿真模拟,铁路货车某型号敞车底架花架可实现80%以上焊缝的机器人焊接。

This paper analyzes the key technologies of robot welding application,aiming at the common problems with difficult tracking accuracy control of welding path,low availability of part of the seam welding and repositioning consistency of underframe with clampers in achieving robotic welding of underframe with clampers for railway freight cars,and suggests solutions to the problems like overflowing at corner welding and partial welding in robotic welding operation.With reasonable configuration of positioner for the underframe with clampers,selection of efficient and compact weld positioning and tracking system,correct design of welding path,proper allocation of welding work and implementation of welding simulation,over 80%of weld on the underframe of a railway freight car can be joined with robotic welding.