巷道岩体结构面“人工+半自动”识别方法及应用研究

Research on“Manual+Semi-automatic”Identification Method and Application of Roadway Rock Mass Structural Plane

为了实现对地下巷道围岩结构面点云数据高质量、高精度的识别和优化,利用三维激光扫描技术开展了地下巷道岩体结构面测量及识别研究。以云南省彝良县洛泽河镇毛坪铅锌矿910 m中段运输巷道为例,开展了三维激光扫描与结构面信息提取工作,并利用Pointstudio软件对所获取的点云数据进行坐标校正、拼接、除噪和抽稀等处理,最后将现场人工测量和人工识别、半自动识别与人工识别等结构面识别方法进行对比验证和分析。结果表明:在地下矿山巷道中,针对巷道围岩中出露形态复杂的结构面,采用“人工+半自动”识别相结合的方法进行地下巷道岩体结构面识别,所获取的结构面数据更加准确和全面,为巷道结构面信息识别和几何特征提取提供了一种新的思路。

Roadway is the main engineering for the development,production and transportation of underground metal mines.The stability of surrounding rock of underground roadway will directly affect the safety production of the mine.The structural analysis of roadway rock mass was carried out to obtain the spatial characteristics of the surrounding rock structural plane,so as to analyze the characteristics and instability of blocks cutted by structural plane,and identify the dangerous area of roadway block instability,so as to provide a good guarantee for roadway safety.The information acquisition of rock mass structural plane includes the measurement of occurrence,trace length,spacing and opening degree.At present,there are mainly full manual identification,semi-manual identification and automatic identification methods to carry out rock mass structural plane identification.Different methods have different effects on the identification accuracy of rock mass structural plane,but it is generally difficult to accurately distinguish the surrounding rock defects and structural plane of underground roadways,and the accuracy of the identified structural plane data is poor.Therefore,it is very necessary to develop a safe and accurate rock mass structural plane measurement and identification technology to provide accurate data support for the accurate deconstruction and stability analysis of roadway structural plane.In order to strengthen the high quality and high precision identification and optimization of the structural point cloud data of the surrounding rock of underground roadway,the research on the measurement and identification of the structural plane of underground roadway rock mass was carried out based on 3D laser scanning technology.In this paper,the structural plane identification method based on point cloud data was summarized,and three-dimensional laser scanning and structural plane information extraction were carried out in the 910 m midsection transportation roadway of Maoping lead-zinc mine,Luozehe Town,Yilang County,Yunnan Province.Finally,the field manual measurement and manual identification,semi-automatic identification and manual identification were compared and verified and analyzed.The results show that in the underground mine roadway,when the combination of manual identification and semi-automatic identification was used to identify the rock mass structural plane of the roadway,the obtained structural plane data is more accurate and comprehensive.Due to the advantages of high precision and convenience of 3D laser scanning,the combination of“manual+semi-automatic”identification method has great further optimization in the measurement and identification of rock mass structural plane of underground roadway.It provides a new idea for the identification of tunnel structural plane information and the extraction of geometric features,and provides an efficient and accurate measurement method for the identification of tunnel structural plane.