社会安全风险视域下预测性侦查的风险与多元治理

Risk and Multiple Governance of Predictive Investigationfrom the Perspective of Social Security Risk

随着人工智能技术的兴起,如今全球范围内都在积极推进大数据侦查发展,其中以算法为支撑的预测性侦查模式发展最为迅速。人工智能技术正在对刑事司法领域产生重新塑造的效应,但与此同时,人工智能技术本身具有的内在客观特征——前瞻性、相关性、技术性等,也带来了数据风险、隐私风险以及算法风险等。社会安全风险视域下,应实现预测性侦查的多元治理:重视数据治理,发挥预测性侦查的预测价值;坚持法律治理,建立监督委员会以保护公民个人隐私;强化技术治理,公开算法决策以增强公众信任度。

With the rise of artificial intelligence technology,the world is actively promoting the development of big data investigation,among which the predictive investigation mode supported by algorithm is developing most rapidly.Artificial intelligence technology is having a reshaping effect on the field of criminal justice,but at the same time,artificial intelligence technology itself has inherent objective characteristics——forward-looking,relevant,technical,etc.,but also brings data risk,privacy risk and algorithm risk.From the perspective of social security risk,the multiple governance of predictive investigation should be realized:attach importance to data governance and give play to the predictive value of predictive investigation;Adhere to legal governance and establish supervisory committees to protect citizens'privacy;Strengthen technical governance and expose algorithmic decisions to enhance public trust.