老年肌少症评估工具的研究进展

Progress in the study of the geriatric sarcopenia assessment tool

肌少症起病隐匿、在老年人群中发病率较高,预后不良,大众对该疾病的认知有限,往往在病情进展到严重程度时才主动就医,给患者的生活质量、家庭以及社会的医疗负担带来较大的负面影响。近年来肌少症这一疾病引起国内外学者越来越多的关注。预防老年人肌少症的关键是尽早评估、尽早发现并尽早采取有效的干预措施。目前我国对肌少症的评估方法种类较多,适用于临床、社区以及养老机构等不同场合且各自均有独特的优缺点。MRI和CT已成为公认的测量骨骼肌肉质量的金标准,但成本昂贵,涉及辐射,人们希望寻找更能简单获得和经济有效的方法来筛查、诊断肌少症,尤其是老年肌少症患者。本文对常用肌少症评估工具中的临床应用情况进行阐述,以期为临床选择正确的肌少症评估工具提供借鉴。

The onset of sarcopenia is concealed,and the incidence is high in the elderly the proqnosisis poor.However,the public has a limited understanding of the disease,and often takes the initiative to seek medical treatment only when the disease has progressed to a certain degree,which brings a great negative impact on the quality of life of patients,the medical burden of families and the society.In recent years,sarcopenia has attracted more and more attention from scholars at home and abroad.The key to prevent sarcopenia in the elderly is to evaluate,discover and take effective intervention measures as early as possible.At present,there are many kinds of evaluation methods for sarcopenia in China,which are suitable for different occasions such as clinical,community and nursing institutions,and each has its own advantages and disadvantages.MRI and CT have become the recognized gold standard for measuring musculoskeletal mass,but due to the high cost and radiation involved,there is a desire to find more accessible and cost-effective methods for screening and diagnosing sarcopenia,especially in elderly patients.This article reviews the clinical application of common assessment tools for sarcopenia,in order to providea reference for the selection of correct assessment tools for sarcopenia.