产学研协同对制造业全要素生产率的影响——基于创新能力中介效应和知识积累门限效应

The Impact of Industry-University-Research Collaboration on Total Factor Productivity of Manufacturing Industry——Based on the Mesomeric Effect of Innovation Capability and the Threshold Effect of Knowledge Accumulation

产学研协同以协同促进、互惠互利、资源互补为目的,构建多主体深度融合的技术创新体系,是实现制造业高质量发展的重要途径,能有效推动制造业全要素生产率提升。基于2013—2020年我国30个省份(不包括西藏、香港、澳门、台湾地区)的面板数据,根据复合系统耦合协调度模型测算产学研协同发展水平,利用DEAMalmquist指数法测算各省份制造业全要素生产率,通过构建中介效应模型、门限效应模型实证检验产学研协同发展对制造业全要素生产率的影响机制。研究表明,我国各省份产学研协同发展水平存在较大差异,呈现层级分布,其中东部地区发展水平高于中部和西部地区。产学研协同发展能促进制造业全要素生产率增长,创新能力具有中介效应、知识积累具有门限效应。从异质性知识积累区间看,低水平知识积累区间(kn≤10.267)的正向促进效应要低于高水平知识积累区间(kn>10.267)的正向促进效应;产学研协同发展通过提升区域制造业创新能力推动全要素生产率提升。因此,应增强创新主体的协同性,实行差异化创新战略,重视知识积累,加强自主知识创新与扩散,进一步提高知识积累水平营造良好的环境。

Industry-university-research collaboration,with the purpose of collaborative promotion,mutual benefit and resource complementarity,constructs a multi-subject technological innovation system;it is an important way to realize the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry;and it can effectively promote the improvement of total factor productivity(TFP)of the manufacturing industry.Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China(excluding Tibet,Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan)from 2013 to 2020,and the composite system coupling coordination degree model,the authors measure the level of industry-university-university-research coordinated development;with the help of DEA-Malmquist index method,they measure the TFP of the manufacturing industry in different provinces;and by constructing the intermediary effect model and threshold effect model,they empirical test the effect of industry-university-university-research coordinated development on manufacturing TFP.It is found that:there are great differences in the coordinated development of industry-university-research in different provinces in China,which showing hierarchical distribution;and among which the development status of the eastern region is better than that of the central and western regions.The coordinated development of industry-university-research can promote the growth of TFP in manufacturing industry,innovation ability has the intermediary effect,and knowledge accumulation has the threshold effect.From the perspective of heterogeneous knowledge accumulation intervals,the positive effect of low knowledge accumulation interval(kn≤10.2667)is lower than the positive effect of high knowledge accumulation interval(kn>10.2667);and the coordinated development of industry-university-research can promote the improvement of TFP by improving the innovation ability of regional manufacturing industry.Therefore,it is necessary to enhance the synergy of innovation subject,implement differentiated innovation strategy,attach importance to knowledge accumulation,strengthen independent knowledge innovation and diffusion,and create a good environment for improving the level of knowledge accumulation.