B+M型和剪切波弹性超声在探究脑卒中吞咽障碍患者颏舌骨肌相关参数中的应用研究

Applying ultrasound in exploring the parameters of the geniohyoid muscle in stroke survivors with dysphagia

目的探讨B+M型和剪切波弹性超声在脑卒中吞咽障碍患者颏舌骨肌相关参数中的应用价值。方法选取2022年4月至2023年3月就诊于郑州大学第一附属医院康复医学科的脑卒中吞咽障碍患者40例,将其纳入观察组,另选取体检健康者20例,纳入对照组。分别采用B型、M型超声和剪切波弹性超声,测量受试者颏舌骨肌的厚度,空咽及吞咽5 ml水时的运动距离、运动时间、运动速率、剪切波速度,比较差异。结果观察组的颏舌骨肌厚度[6.20(5.23,7.30)mm]、剪切波速度[(1.61±0.24)m/s]均较对照组小(P<0.05)。观察组执行空咽任务下颏舌骨肌的运动距离[7.12(5.10,9.90)mm]较对照组大,运动时间[1.62(1.13,2.65)s]较对照组长,运动速率[4.24(2.81,7.00)mm/s]较对照组小(P<0.05)。观察组执行吞咽5 ml水任务下颏舌骨肌的运动距离[8.05(6.00,10.53)mm]较对照组大,运动时间[1.59(1.02,2.52)s]较对照组长,运动速率[4.93(3.08,8.70)mm/s]较对照组小(P<0.05)。结论B+M型和剪切波弹性超声能够定量检测颏舌骨肌的厚度、运动参数和硬度,可用于脑卒中吞咽障碍患者吞咽功能的评估。

Objective To investigate the value of applying B+M type and shear-wave elastic ultrasound in determining the parameters of the geniohyoid muscles of stroke survivors with dysphagia.Methods Forty stroke survivors with dysphagia formed an observation group,while 20 healthy counterparts were chosen as the control group.The thickness of the geniohyoid muscle,as well as the movement distance,time,rate and shear wave velocity were measured using B+M ultrasound and shear wave elastic ultrasound when swallowing nothing or 5ml of water,respectively.Results The average thickness of the geniohyoid muscle and the average shear wave velocity of the observation group were significantly smaller than among the controls.When swallowing either nothing or water,the geniohyoid muscle in the observation group tended to move farther than among the controls,acting more slowly and taking significantly more time.Conclusion Ultrasound can quantify the thickness of the geniohyoid muscle and its motor parameters and stiffness.It can be used to evaluate the swallowing function of stroke survivors with dysphagia.