海岛型旅游地旅游发展与生态环境耦合协调

Tourism development and ecological coupling coordination of island type tourism destinations

【目的】在新发展理念下,海岛型旅游地旅游发展与生态环境协调发展是生态可持续的重要议题。探究海岛型旅游地旅游发展与生态环境的动态发展关系,能够为海岛型旅游地把握科学正确发展方向提供重要参考。【方法】以福建省东山岛为典型案例,构建海岛型旅游地旅游发展与生态环境系统综合评价指标体系,并借助熵权法、耦合协调度分析等方法测度分析2000-2022年东山岛旅游发展水平、生态环境水平及两大系统间的耦合协调关系。【结果】1)旅游发展水平方面,东山岛的旅游发展水平呈先波动上升后下降的变化趋势,经历“波动上升阶段”“平稳增长阶段”“快速发展阶段”“剧烈下降阶段”4个阶段,但整体呈现为上升状态;2)生态环境水平方面,东山岛生态环境水平呈现为波动上升变化趋势,包括“稳步上升阶段”“平稳持续阶段”“稳定波动阶段”3个阶段;3)两大系统耦合协调方面,东山岛旅游发展与生态环境耦合协调水平呈现逐年波动上升状态。2000-2007年呈缓慢增长的趋势,为失调持续发展阶段;2008-2014年为“勉强协调-初级协调-中级协调”波动发展阶段;2015-2022年为良好协调平稳阶段,趋于优质协调。【结论】综合运用熵权法、耦合协调度模型对海岛型旅游地东山岛旅游发展与生态环境耦合协调进行分析,为东山岛旅游经济发展和绿色生态建设提供科学依据。

【Objective】Under the new development concept,the coordinated development of tourism and ecological environment in island tourism destinations is an important issue of ecological sustainability.Exploring the dynamic relationship between tourism development and ecological environment in island tourism destinations can provide important references for island tourism destinations to grasp the scientific and correct development direction.【Method】Taking Dongshan Island in Fujian Province as a typical case to construct a comprehensive evaluation index system for the tourism development and ecological environment system of island tourism destinations.Using methods such as entropy weight method and coupling coordination degree analysis,it measures and analyzes the tourism development level,ecological environment level,and coupling coordination relationship between the two systems of Dongshan Island from 2000 to 2022.【Result】1)In terms of tourism development level,the tourism development level of Dongshan Island showed a fluctuating upward trend and then a decreasing trend.It had gone through four stages:“fluctuating upward stage”,“stable growth stage”,“rapid development stage”,and“severe downward stage”,but overall it showed an upward trend;2)In terms of ecological environment level,the ecological environment level of Dongshan Island showed a fluctuating upward trend,including three stages:“steadily rising stage”,“stable sustained stage”,and“stable fluctuation stage”;3)In terms of coupling and coordination between the two major systems,the level of coupling and coordination between tourism development and ecological environment on Dongshan Island had been fluctuating and increasing year by year.From 2000 to 2007,there was a slow growth trend and a stage of sustained development of imbalance;From 2008 to 2014,it was a fluctuating development stage of“barely coordinated-primary coordinated-intermediate coordinated”;2015-2022 was a period of good coordination and stability,tend towards high-quality coordination.【Conclusion】By comprehensively applying the entropy weight method and coupling coordination model,the coupling coordination between the tourism development and ecological environment of Dongshan Island,an island type tourist destination is analyzed,providing a scientific basis for the development of Dongshan Island’s tourism economy and green ecological construction.