毛泽东对外开放思想的理论特质与当代启示

The Theoretical Characteristics and Contemporary Enlightenment of Mao Zedong′s Thought of Opening to the Outside World

作为新中国对外开放的奠基人,毛泽东在时局维艰的情况下,坚定不移地维护国家主权和民族利益,在自力更生的基础上争取外援,在平等互利的原则上发展外贸,探索形成了一套初具体系、科学有效的对外开放思想,整体展现出六个方面的理论特质,包括中国与世界紧密联系是生成基础,谋求生存与和平共处的艰难演进是历史主线,尊重中国独立自主的国家主权是交往前提,积极利用资本主义的文明成果是实践路径,批判继承与学习创新相互融通是科学方法,自力更生与争取外援辩证统一是显著特征。新时代,我们要始终坚持对外开放的基本国策,坚持对外开放与独立自主、自力更生的辩证统一,要牢牢把握对外开放的长期性、国家主权的独立性、自主创新的一贯性、全球视野的战略性,积极推动构建新型国际关系,毫不动摇地坚持和平共处、合作共赢,主动开创中国式现代化对外开放新局面。

As the founder of the new China′s opening up to the outside world,Mao Zedong unwaveringly defended national sovereignty and national interests in the face of difficult times,sought foreign aid on the basis of self-reliance,and developed foreign trade on the principle of equality and mutual benefit.He explored and formed a set of initially established and scientifically effective ideas on opening up to the outside world,demonstrating six theoretical characteristics as a whole,including the close connection between China and the world being the foundation of its formation,the difficult evolution of seeking survival and peaceful coexistence being the main historical thread,respecting China′s independent national sovereignty being the prerequisite for communication,actively utilizing the achievements of capitalist civilization being the practical path,criticizing inheritance and learning innovation being the scientific methods,and the dialectical unity of self-reliance and striving for foreign aid being a significant feature.In the new era,we must always adhere to the basic national policy of opening up,adhere to the dialectical unity of opening up and independence and self-reliance,firmly grasp the long-term nature of opening up,the independence of national sovereignty,the consistency of independent innovation,and the strategy of global vision,actively promote the construction of a new type of international relations,unswervingly adhere to peaceful coexistence and win-win cooperation,and take the initiative to create a new situation of opening up with the feature of Chinese path to modernization.