儒学与马克思主义在人性观上的会通

The Convergence of Confucianism and Marxism on View of Human Nature

马克思主义能在中国广泛传播发展,与它和中国传统儒家学说的内在契合有着密切关系。在人性观层面,儒学与马克思主义存在三点会通。它们都认为:人性是预成和生成的辩证统一;重视人的实践向度;认为个人是社会的有机组成部分。这三点会通之间又有着内在联系,由于人性是预成和生成的辩证统一,社会与个人才能相互影响,而实践是联系二者的桥梁,是实践本性使得个人的预成天性得以发挥出来作用于社会整体,反过来在实践中个人也被社会整体所形塑。

The wide spread and development of Marxism in China is closely related to its internal fit with Chinese traditional Confucianism.On the level of view of human nature,Confucianism and Marxism have three points in common:they both believe that human nature is a dialectical unity of preformation and generation,both attach importance to the practical dimension of human beings,and both believe that individuals are organic components of society.And there is an internal connection between these three points.Because human nature is the dialectical unity of preformation and generation,society and individual can affect each other,and practice is the bridge connecting the two.It is the practical nature of human that enables the preformation nature of human to be exerted and applied to the overall society,which in turn shapes the individual in practice.