肠道菌群与相关性疾病的研究进展

Research Progress of Intestinal Flora and Related Diseases

肠道是人体重要的消化器官和排毒器官 ,其回旋盘转的结构被形象地称为人体的“ 第二大脑”。肠道中寄生着数以亿计的细菌 ,这些细菌与机体互利共生 ,通过发酵食物为宿主及自身提供能量和营养物质 ,参与机体的代谢 ,构成“宿 主—肠道菌群共代谢”的代谢模式。此外,肠道菌群还能协助机体抵御病原体的侵入,促进人体健康、抵御疾病越来越多的研究表明,当机体受到外源或内源性刺激时,肠道内的微生物群落会发生改变 ,而肠道菌群的紊乱与炎症性肠病、代谢性疾病、免疫系统疾病、精神系统疾病以及肿瘤等疾病的发生发展息息相关。本文综述了肠道菌群影响各类疾病发病机制的研究进展,旨在为疾病的临床治疗提供新的参考和思路。

The intestinal tract is an important digestive organ and detoxification organ of the human body,and its circling structure is vividly called the“second brain”of the human body.There are hundreds of millions of bacterium in the intestinal tract.These bacteria live in mutual benefit with the body,provide energy and nutrients for the host and themselves through fermented food,participate in the metabolism of the body,and form a metabolic mode of cometabolism between the host and the symbiotic flora.In addition,intestinal flora can also help the body resist the invasion of pathogens,promote human health,and resist diseases.More and more studies have shown that when the body is subjected to exogenous or endogenous stimuli,the microbial flora in the intestinal will change,and the disturbance of intestinal flora is closely related to the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel diseases,metabolic diseases,immune system diseases,mental system diseases,and tumors.This article reviews the research progress of the intestinal flora affecting the pathogenesis of various diseases,aiming to provide new references and ideas for the clinical treatment of diseases.