特点、成效和瓶颈:近十年云南省学前教育经费投入状况研究

Characteristics,Effects and Bottlenecks:A Study on the Investment of Preschool Education in Yunnan Province in the Past Ten Years

对于集边疆、民族、山区、贫困为一体的云南省来说,起步晚、基础薄弱、发展不均衡,一直是制约学前教育改革发展的突出问题。而学前教育经费投入直接影响着学前教育各方面的发展与进步。本研究以国家教育经费统计年鉴和中国教育统计年鉴为依据,梳理2011~2020年期间云南省学前教育经费投入的官方数据,发现近十年来云南省对学前教育经费投入力度明显加大,学前教育取得的成效明显。但存在对学前教育的投入仍然不足;学前教育对教师配备方面投入量偏少,教学质量问题突出;对农村学前教育投入不足,城乡差距仍然明显的瓶颈问题。为更好地推进云南省学前教育高质量发展,应形成教育经费向弱势地区和弱势群体倾斜的投入机制,加强幼儿园教师队伍建设,调整现有的学前教育成本分担格局。

Yunnan Province,which integratesthe features offrontiers,ethnic groups,mountainous areas and poverty,always has prominent problems restricting the reform and development of preschool educationwith a late start,a weak foundation and unbalanced development.The investment in preschool education directly affects the development and progress of all aspects of preschool education.Based on the National Education Expenditure Statistical Yearbook and the China Education Statistical Yearbook,this study combed through the official data of preschool education funding in Yunnan Province from 2011 to 2020,and found that Yunnan Province has significantly increased its investment in preschool education in the past ten years,and the effects of preschool education are obvious,but the investment in preschool education is still insufficient,preschool education has little investment in teacher allocation,and the teaching quality problem is prominent.The insufficientinvestment in rural preschool education results in the urban-rural gap.In order to better promote the high-quality development of preschool education in Yunnan Province,it is necessary to form an investment mechanism in which education funds are used to supportdisadvantaged areas and vulnerable groups,strengthen the construction of kindergarten teachers,and adjust the existing cost-sharing pattern of preschool education.