跨境数据流动规则对服务贸易成本的影响

The Impact of Cross-border Data Flow Rules on the Cost of Trade in Services

数据流动已成为贸易规则谈判的重要议题。通过构建RTA(区域贸易协定)跨境数据流动规则深度指数和测算双边服务贸易成本,实证分析跨境数据流动规则对服务贸易成本的影响。研究发现,在理论机制上,跨境数据流动规则通过减少监管分歧和促进服务贸易数字化降低服务贸易成本。实证结果表明,缔结跨境数据流动规则和跨境数据流动规则深度的增加均会显著降低服务贸易成本。分规则类型来看,数据便利类条款、数据保护类条款、数据流动类条款和数据例外类条款深度的增加均能降低服务贸易成本;从不同经济发展水平匹配的国家对来看,发展中国家之间、发达国家与发展中国家之间跨境数据流动规则的缔结和规则深度的增加均能降低服务贸易成本。

Data flow has become an important issue in the negotiation of trade rules.The impact of cross-border data flow rules on service trade costs is empirically analyzed by constructing the RTA(Regional Trade Agreements)cross-border data flow rules depth index and measuring bilateral service trade costs.It is found that,in terms of theoretical mechanisms,cross-border data flow rules reduce the cost of services trade by reducing regulatory divergence and facilitating digitization of services trade.The empirical results show that both the conclusion of cross-border data flow rules and the increase in the depth of cross-border data flow rules significantly reduce the cost of trade in services.From the perspective of different rule types,the increase in the depth of data facilitation provisions,data protection provisions,data flow provisions and data exception provisions can reduce the cost of trade in services.From the perspective of different economic development level of countries,the conclusion of rules on cross-border data flow and the increase in the depth of rules between developing countries and between developed and developing countries can reduce the cost of trade in services.