青铜器腐蚀行为与封护技术

Corrosion Behavior and Sealing Technologies of Bronze

综述了目前青铜器腐蚀行为和封护技术领域的主要研究成果,总结了青铜器的腐蚀机理,概述了成分组成、结构内部因素和Cl^(-)、湿度、温度等外部环境因素对青铜器腐蚀行为的影响,分析了现有的青铜器病害诊断和等级划分方法,归纳了已有的青铜器临时封护和长期封护技术。最后,本文对青铜器腐蚀与封护的未来发展趋势进行了展望,希望通过构建环境-青铜器-病害-封护技术全方位标准数据库,以指导和推动青铜器腐蚀与封护技术的发展。

Bronze relics are precious historical and cultural heritage of mankind,as the bearer of im-portant historical information about the human civilization,but their corrosion-prone characteristics make them face a serious threat of rust and eventually fester.Studying the corrosion and destruction behavior of bronzes and correspondingly adopting effective sealing technologies can not only protect the long-term inheritance of bronzes,but also retain their historical research and artistic appreciation value.At present,the research on the corrosion behavior and sealing technologies of bronzes is still lacking in system.There are still many scientific and technical problems that need to be solved urgently in the effect of multi-factor synergistic competition on the evolution characteristics of bronze rust layers in the state of being buried or stored,the diagnostic methods and quantitative standards of bronze diseases,the sealing tech-nologies of bronzes and the construction of databases related to bronze corrosion and sealing.This pa-per focuses on the key scientific issues in the whole process of bronze excavation,extraction,storage and protection,reviews the current main research results in the field of bronze corrosion behavior and sealing technologies,and the corrosion mechanism of bronzes.The influences of inherent factors related with bronze such as chemical composition and microstructure,as well as the external environmental fac-tors such as Cl^(-)concentration,humidity and temperature on the corrosion behavior of bronze are out-lined.The existing methods for the diagnosis and classification of bronzes are analyzed,and the existing temporary and long-term sealing technologies for bronzes are summarized.At last,the future develop-ment trend of bronze corrosion and sealing is prospected in this paper,and we hope to guide and pro-mote the development of bronze corrosion and sealing technology by constructing a comprehensive stan-dard database of environment-bronze-diseases-sealing technologies.