基于汉英法三语平行语料库的人际意义再现跨语言对比--以《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》翻译为个案

A comparative study of the representation of interpersonal meanings based on a Chinese-English-French trilingual parallel corpus:A case study of Talks at the Yenan Forum on Literature and Art

本文以《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》(简称《讲话》)及其外文社版英、法译文为语料,构建汉英法三语平行语料库,从译文跨语言对比(即英译文与法译文之间)和汉外转换两种视角,以情态动词的量值为切入点,对比《讲话》英译和法译在人际意义再现方面的异同及其原因。研究发现:(1)从译文跨语言对比看,与原文相比,英、法译文情态动词在整体分布上均存在量值弱化偏移趋向,法译文的弱化偏移程度略高于英译文;(2)从情态动词汉外转换看,汉译英和汉译法过程中,情态动词转换多表现为量值对等,但存在部分弱化偏移,而强化偏移不显著。本文认为,与原文相比,两种译文在人际意义再现方面整体上趋向于弱化偏移,这一弱化性特征与国家翻译实践制度、特定历史时期对外传播政策以及机构译者国家身份密切相关。

The present paper,based on a Chinese-English-French trilingual parallel corpus,conducts a cross-language comparative analysis between the representations of interpersonal meanings in the English and French translations of Talks at the Yenan Forum on Literature and Art published by Foreign Languages Press.The study carries out the comparisons through probing into distributions of modality value in translation products and modality value shifts in translation process.The results reveal that:(1)the overall distributions of modality value in English and French translations exhibit a‘weake-ning'tendency and French translation shows a greater degree;(2)‘zero-shifts'are predominant and‘weakening shifts'take the upper hand conspicuously compared with the‘strengthening shifts'in C-E and C-F translation process.Two translations both manifest tendency towards‘weakening'in representing the interpersonal meanings of Chinese original.It is argued that this phenomenon may be attributable to the national translation practice system,external communication policies and the national identity of institutional translators.