基于GIS数据与地域性特征的城乡建筑群信息智能获取与抗震性能评估方法研究

Research on Intelligent Information Acquisition and Seismic Perfor⁃mance Evaluation Method of Urban and Rural Buildings Based on GIS Data and Structural Regional Characteristics

我国城乡区域建筑群分布广、体量大,强震作用下结构破坏和倒塌风险高,既有的研究方法无法兼顾县区级别大范围建筑信息获取速度与地震模拟精度。为实现快速准确的城乡建筑群抗震性能评估,提出了结合区域建筑地域性特征与GIS数据的建筑信息智能获取与抗震能力评估方法。通过GIS数据和高分卫星等遥感手段获取县区范围建筑群的屋盖信息、建筑外部尺寸等信息。基于上述信息和具体区域城乡人均GDP、建造风俗等实际特点,建立了基于模糊理论和专家系统的模糊推断模型,确定了建筑结构类型、材料属性、开洞情况等内部信息,并通过数值模拟实现区域建筑群的震害分析。将该方法应用于我国西南地区某县城建筑群的参数获取与震害分析,同时以鲁甸地震某村镇验证了本方法的适用性,结果表明本方法对城乡建筑群的抗震性能评估具有较好的适用性。

China’s vast urban and rural building clusters face a significant risk of structural damage and collapse when subjected to strong earthquake forces.Current research methods fall short in simultaneously meeting the demands of obtaining comprehensive building information at the county level and accurately simulating seismic events..To achieve rapid and accurate seismic performance assessment of urban and rural building clusters,a method combining regional architectural characteristics and GIS data for intelligent acquisition of building information and seismic capacity assessment was proposed.Roof information and external dimensions of building clusters in counties and districts were obtained through remote sensing methods such as GIS data and high-resolution satellites.Leveraging the above information and the actual characteristics of regional urban and rural per capita GDP,geographical location,and construction customs,a fuzzy inference model based on fuzzy theory and expert system was established to determine the internal information such as building structure type,material properties,and opening conditions,and numerical simulation is used to realize seismic damage analysis of regional building clusters.This method was applied to acquire parameter and seismic dam‑age analysis of building clusters in a county town in Southwestern China.The actual seismic damage situation in the partially affected areas of the Ludian earthquake was used to verify the applicability of this method.Results demonstrate that this method exhibits strong applicability in the seismic performance assessment of both urban and rural building clusters.