6061⁃T6铝合金材料的冲击压缩力学性能实验与数值模拟

Experimental and Numerical Simulation of Impact Compression Mechanical Properties of 6061⁃T6 Aluminum Alloy

为了探究6061‑T6铝合金的冲击力学性能和在防护结构上的应用前景,采用实验与数值模拟相结合的方法开展分析研究。根据多组准静态压缩及冲击压缩实验数据,对Johnson‑Cook本构模型的相应参数进行了拟合;再进行数值模拟分析,并把数值模拟的结果与实验结果对比分析。最终,得到了6061‑T6铝合金在常温下的屈服强度、峰值应力等力学参数;拟合出了6061‑T6铝合金J‑C模型的相应参数;研究表明6061‑T6铝合金是一种应变率敏感材料,其屈服强度、流动应力峰值随着应变率的提高而提高,同时材料对冲击荷载的能量吸收也越来越多;当应变率为1600 s^(-1)时,相对于准静态,其屈服强度和极限承载力分别提高了30%、78%;数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好,表明拟合的J‑C模型能够较好地表现出6061‑T6铝合金在高应变率下的应力流动行为。研究成果可为6061‑T6铝合金材料冲击动力学分析和在抗爆结构上的应用提供依据和参考,其在防护工程,防灾减灾工程领域上应用前景广阔。

In order to explore the impact mechanical properties of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy and its application prospects in protective structures,the method of combining experiments and numerical simulations was used to carry out analysis and research.Based on multiple sets of quasi-static compression and impact compression experimental data,the corresponding parameters of the Johnson-Cook constitutive model were fitted;Conduct further numerical simulation analysis and compare the results of the numerical simulation with the experimental results.Finally,the yield strength,peak stress and other mechanical parameters of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy at room temperature are obtained.The corresponding parameters of the J-C model of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy are fitted;The results show that 6061-T6 aluminum alloy is a strain rate-sensitive material.Its yield strength and flow stress peak increase with the increase in strain rate,and the energy absorption to the impact load is also increases;When the strain rate is 1600 s^(-1),the yield strength and ultimate bearing capacity increase by 30%and 78%,respectively,compared with the quasi-static state;The numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results,indicating that the fitted J-C model can better represent the stress flow behavior of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy at high strain rates.The research results can provide a basis and reference for the impact dynamic analysis of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy and its application in anti-explosion structure.It has broad application prospects in the fields of protection engineering,disaster prevention,and reduction engineering.