国有资产管理制度与科技成果转化制度的冲突和协调

Conflict and Coordination Between the State-owned Assets Management System and the Transformation System of Scientific and Technological Achievements

随着我国职务科技成果转化改革的深入推进,科技成果转化制度和相应的国有资产管理制度很可能面临更艰难的政策取舍,而在这两种制度互动关系下剖析科技成果权属改革的政策逻辑,有利于寻找解决制度障碍的根本方案。因此,应用文献分析与政策分析方法,从国有资产管理制度与科技成果转化制度的交互关系出发,探讨我国科技成果转化改革的发展方向。研究发现,我国采取的规避国有资产管理约束的改革思路,决定了科技成果权属模式的演化路径是不断强化私有属性、弱化公有属性。从短期而言,规避思路能够赋予科研人员更大的主导权,但由于高校与科研机构(及其负责人)始终面临国有资产流失的责任风险,加之我国政治与经济制度决定了这种权属模式的推进程度有限,这种演化路径长期来看不仅无法克服国有资产管理制度的实质障碍,还会产生新的问题。因此,须转变思路,改革国有资产管理制度,调整科技成果权属模式,为科技成果转化提供充足的激励。

With the deepening of the reform of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in China,the transformation system of scientific and technological achievements and the corresponding state-owned assets management system are likely to face more difficult policy choices.Analyzing the policy logic of the ownership reform of scientific and technological achievements under the interactive relationship between these two systems,is conducive to finding fundamental solutions to institutional obstacles.Therefore,applying literature analysis and policy analysis methods,starting from the interactive relationship between the state-owned assets management system and the transformation system of scientific and technological achievements,this paper explores the development direction of China's transformation reform of scientific and technological achievements.The study finds that the reform approach adopted by China to avoid constraints on state-owned assets management has determined that,the evolution path of the ownership model of scientific and technological achievements is to continuously strengthen private attributes and weaken public attributes,in the short term,evasive thinking can give researchers greater leadership,but due to the constant risk of state-owned asset loss faced by universities and research institutions(and their leaders),and the limited promotion of this ownership model determined by China's political and economic system,this evolutionary path not only fails to overcome the substantive obstacles of the state-owned assets management system in the long run,but also creates new problems.Therefore,it is necessary to change the way of thinking,reform the state-owned assets management system,adjust the ownership model of scientific and technological achievements,and provide sufficient incentives for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.