水稻种子萌发出苗研究及直播生产上相关难题

Study on Rice Seed Germination and Seedling Emergence and Related Problems in Direct Seeding Production

水稻的出苗过程经过了种子的吸胀、萌动、发芽、出苗等阶段,涉及种子细胞活化修复、物质分解与代谢、能量代谢等生理生化活动,其调控网络十分复杂。本文在简要介绍种子萌发和出苗过程、生理生化活动的基础上,分析了影响种子萌发出苗的因素,提出了直播稻生产上与种子萌发和出苗相关的难题,即直播稻芽苗期遇到淹水和低温胁迫困扰直播稻的一次性全苗问题。

The seedling emergence process of rice includes the stages of seed imbibition,protrusion,germination and seedling establishment,involving physiological and biochemical activities such as seed cell activation and repair,material decomposition and metabolism,and energy metabolism,and its regulatory network is very complex.Based on a brief introduction to the process of seed germination and seedling emergence,and its physiological and biochemical activities,this paper analyzed the factors that affect the germination and emergence of seeds,and put forward the problems related to seed germination and emergence in rice production,including the problem of whole seedling of direct-seeding rice troubled when it encountered flooding and low temperature stress at seedling stage.