美香占2号在粤北作低桩机收再生稻的表现及关键栽培技术

Performance and Cultivation Techniques of Meixiangzhan 2 as Machine-harvested Low Stubble Ratooning Rice in Northern Guangdong

美香占2号是目前广东省种植面积最大的高端丝苗米品种,具有米质优、再生能力强、适应性广的特点。本文总结了该品种2018—2021年在粤北作低桩机收再生稻的种植表现。美香占2号再生季生育期84~89 d,早季收割至再生季齐穗期有效积温893℃~1092℃,再生季产量为293.5~343.0 kg/667 m^(2),为早季产量的69.1%~74.6%。2021年,“早稻-再生稻”模式下两季总成本投入1974.5元/667 m^(2),经济效益为824.3元/667 m^(2)。与一季稻相比,再生稻模式增产328.0 kg/667 m^(2),经济效益增加740.3元/667 m^(2);与双季稻相比,再生稻模式两季总产降低57.0 kg/667 m^(2),节省成本582.5元/667 m^(2),经济效益增加377.3元/667 m^(2)。本文还总结了美香占2号作低桩机收再生稻的关键栽培技术,以期为华南地区机收再生稻高产栽培提供参考。

Meixiangzhan 2 is a high-quality Simiao rice variety with the largest planting area in Guangdong Province.It has the characteristics of high quality,strong regeneration ability and wide adaptability.This paper summarized the planting performance of Meixiangzhan 2 as machine-harvested low stubble ratooning rice in northern Guangdong from 2018 to 2021.In ratooning season,Meixiangzhan 2 had a growth period of 84~89 days,and the effective accumulated temperature from harvest of the early season to the heading stage of the ratooning season was 893℃~1092℃.The grain yield of ratoon rice was 293.5~343.0 kg/667 m^(2),amounting to 69.1%~74.6%of that of early season.In 2021,the total cost investment and economic benefit of early rice-ratooning rice mode was 1974.5 yuan/667 m^(2) and 824.3 yuan/667 m^(2),respectively.Compared with the single-season rice,the yield of ratooning rice mode increased 328.0 kg/667 m^(2),and the economic benefit increased 740.3 yuan/667 m^(2),respectively.Compared with the double cropping rice,early rice-ratooning rice mode decreased the total grain yield by 57.0 kg/667 m^(2),but saved the total cost investment by 582.5 yuan/667 m^(2),and increased the economic benefit by 377.3 yuan/667 m^(2).This paper also summarized the key cultivation techniques of Meixiangzhan 2 as machine-harvested low stubble ratooning rice,in order to provide reference for high-yield cultivation of mechanically harvested ratooning rice in South China.