贸易自由化对异质性进出口行为的影响--基于我国加入WTO的准自然实验

Infuence of Trade Liberalization on Import and Export Behavior of Heterogeneous Enterprises--Quasi-natural Experiment Based on China's Entry into WTO

随着贸易自由化程度的加深,我国的贸易结构和生产结构发生了相应变化,从以往自给自足的经济模式向利用比较优势进行投入生产转变。借助我国加入WTO这一准自然实验,将产品和企业分为了一般贸易和加工贸易两组,采用倍差法检验了加入WTO对我国企业进出口两端的不同影响。结果表明,在我国加入WTO后,进口加工贸易产品的质量水平上升更快,出口一般贸易产品的质量水平提高更多。另外,企业资本来源越集中,越有利于其在贸易自由化上升后,扩大其进出口规模。

With the deepening of trade liberalization,China's trade structure and production structure have undergone corresponding changes,from the previous self-sufficient economic model to the use of comparative advantages for production.With the aid of the quasi-natural experiment of China's entry into WTO,this paper divides products and enterprises into two groups:general trade and processing trade,and examines the different effects of China's entry into WTO on the import and export ends of Chinese enterprises by adopting the method of double difference.The results show that after China's entry into WTO,the quality level of imported processing trade products has increased faster,while the quality level of exported general trade products has increased even more.In addition,the more concentrated the capital sources of an enterprise,the more beneficial it will be to expand its import and export scale after the rise of trade liberalization.