热化学硫碘循环水分解制氢研究进展

Research progress of thermochemical sulfur-iodine cycle waterdecomposition for hydrogen production

随着化石能源日益短缺和环境污染日益严重,寻求高效、清洁、可再生能源迫在眉睫。氢能作为现代能源体系新密码,因清洁、可再生、可存储、用途广泛等优点,近年来受到广泛关注。目前制氢方式众多,但大规模、高效、低成本、绿色的制氢方式才是未来氢能经济的基础。其中,热化学硫碘循环(也称碘硫循环)水分解制氢因具备上述优点被认为是最具发展潜力的制氢方法之一。从Bunsen反应、H2SO4分解和HI分解3方面综述了热化学硫碘循环水分解制氢的基础研究情况,对目前各国已建立的硫碘循环系统进行总结,着重介绍了核能耦合硫碘循环制氢流程的最新进展。从经济、环保和安全方面对目前核能耦合硫碘制氢进行分析讨论,以期为未来研究和发展提供新思路。针对Bunsen反应部分,寻找一种高效分离反应物的新方法至关重要;而对H2SO4分解和HI分解部分,现阶段主要研究仍集中在开发稳定、高效、低成本的催化剂。经过几十年研究,热化学硫碘循环水分解制氢技术已取得长足发展。在实际产氢中,苛刻的高温高腐蚀环境、复杂的耦合流程是限制其规模化、工业化的主要原因,开发由工业结构材料制成的耐腐蚀和耐热系统,继续对耦合流程进行优化和模拟是未来热化学硫碘循环水分解制氢技术的发展方向。

With the increasing shortage of fossil energy and serious environmental pollution,it is urgent to seek efficient,clean and renewable energy.Hydrogen energy,as a new password of modern energy industry system,has attracted extensive attention in recent years due to its advantages of cleanliness,renewability,storage and wide range of application.At present,there are many ways to produce hydrogen,but the large-scale,efficient,low-cost and green ways are the basis of the future hydrogen energy economy.Among them,thermochemical sulfur-iodine cycle(iodine-sulfur cycle)is recognized as one of the most promising hydrogen production methods due to its above advantages in water splitting hydrogen production.The basic research on the thermochemical sulfur-iodine cycle water splitting hydrogen production was reviewed from three aspects:Bunsen reaction,H 2 SO 4 decomposition and HI decomposition.Secondly,the sulfur-iodine cycle systems that had been established in various countries were summarized,and the latest progress in the nuclear energy-coupled sulfur-iodine cycle hydrogen production process was introduced.Finally,the current nuclear energy coupling sulfur-iodine hydrogen production was discussed and analyzed from the aspects of economy,environmental protection and safety,in order to provide new ideas for future research and development.It is very important to find a new method for efficient separation of reactants in the Bunsen reaction part.The main research for the decomposition of H 2 SO 4 and HI at this stage is still focused on the development of stable,efficient and low-cost catalysts.Thermochemical sulfur-iodine cycle water splitting hydrogen production technology has made great progress after decades of research.The harsh high temperature and high corrosion environment and complex coupling process are the main reasons that limit its scale and industrialization in actual hydrogen production.Developing corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant systems made of industrial structural materials,and continuing to optimize and simulate coupled processes are the future development directions of thermochemical sulfur-iodide cycle water splitting hydrogen production technology.