网络数据犯罪的刑法规制完善思路

Ideas for Improving the Criminal Law Regulation of Network Data Crimes

数据是数字经济时代的核心生产要素。随着网络技术发展步入了以大数据为核心的网络3.0时代,数据法益的刑法保护需求日益凸显。基于对网络数据犯罪内涵的重新认识,对其刑法规制的体系重塑应当基于数据生命周期的全覆盖与网络数据犯罪客观归罪标准的建立。首先,数据完整性、保密性与可用性保护需求贯穿数据从诞生到销毁的整个生命周期,为数据法益的完整保护提供了突破口。其次,在坚持“数据分类分级保护制度”的基础上确定入罪门槛,明确罪质界定并完善罪量标准则为网络数据犯罪客观归罪标准的建立提供了依据。

Data is the core production factor in the era of digital economy.With the development of network technology into the network 3.0 era with big data as the core,the demand for criminal law protection of data legal interests is increasingly prominent;however,the current situation of China’s criminal law system still lags behind.Based on the reconceptualization of the connotation of network data crime,the reshaping of its criminal law system should be based on the full coverage of the data survival cycle and the establishment of objective imputation standards for network data crime.First of all,the demand for data integrity,confidentiality and availability protection runs through the whole life cycle of data from birth to destruction,which provides a breakthrough for the complete protection of data legal interests.Secondly,on the basis of adhering to the“data classification and grading protection system”,the threshold of criminalization is determined,and the definition of crime quality and the improvement of crime quantity standards provide the basis for the establishment of objective criminalization standards for network data crimes.