高校拔尖创新人才选拔政策的演进逻辑——基于2003—2023年政策文本的分析

The Evolutionary Logic of the Selection Policies of Top-notch Innovative Talents in Universities——Analysis Based on the Policy Texts from 2003—2023

“选育用留”的内在机理表明,选拔政策的制定和完善是促进高校提升拔尖创新人才培养质量的前设要求与必备条件,其演变进程的回顾与总结可为招录制度的调整、创新提供思路镜鉴。立足背景、目标与重心,高校拔尖创新人才选拔政策的变迁历经初探、拓展与融合三个阶段。其中,初探阶段倡导“一考定终身”“分数至上”观念的破冰;拓展阶段强调多样选拔方式、多重选拔目标的协调;融合阶段则侧重选育结合、联动机制的深化。以渐进决策理论为切入视角,概观历史进阶,高校拔尖创新人才选拔政策的演进具有目标前后一致、进程循序渐进、理念由表及里的平行推进式特征。综合理论内涵与执行现状,选拔政策的未来调适与深度完善尚需坚持双重导向、丰富决策主体、健全监督反馈机制,以形成合力突破不良的路径依赖。

The logical sequence of“selection,training,employment and retention”of top-notch innovative talents shows that the formulation and improvement of selection policies are the internal requirements and prerequisites for improving the quality of training,and the review and analysis of the evolution process can provide a mirror for policy adjustment and innovation.Based on the background,goals and focus,the change process of the selection policies for top-notch innovative talents in universities can be roughly divided into three stages.In the preliminary stage,it advocates breaking away from the concept of“one test for life”and“score-orient”.The expansion stage emphasizes the coordination of diverse selection methods and multiple selection objectives.The integration stage focuses on the construction of supporting measures and collaborative mechanisms.Taking the progressive decision-making theory as the perspective,the evolution of the selection policies,under the multiple effects of economy,politics and society,shows obvious characteristics of steady advancement,which is embodied in the consistency of objectives,the gradual progress of the process,and the idea from the outside to the inside.Based on the theoretical connotation and implementation status quo,the future adjustment and in-depth improvement of the selection policies for top-notch innovative talents in universities still need to enrich the decision-making body,adhere to the problem orientation,and improve the supervision and feedback mechanism to form a joint effort to overcome the difficulties.