教学过程最优化:“双减”背景下教学改革的实践路径

Optimization of Teaching Process:The Practical Path of Teaching Reform under the Background of"Double Reduction"

课堂教学改革是促进基础教育高质量发展的重要途径,也是落实“双减”政策的内在要求。苏联教育家巴班斯基为克服学生学业负担过重现象,在全面总结罗斯托夫地区教学实验的基础上,提出了著名的教学过程最优化理论。教学过程最优化包含学生学业负担最优化和教师教学过程最优化两个方面,最终指向学生身心的合理发展。教学过程最优化理论与我国“双减”背景下教学改革的精神实质相契合。当下的教学改革应着手于目标的协同化、内容的合理化、方式的科学化、资源的优质化以及评价的多维化等,建构适合于我国课堂教学的最优化体系,进而实现减负提质的政策目标和社会预期。

Teaching reform is an important way to promote the in-depth development of basic education,and also an inherent requirement to implement the"Double Reduction"policy.In order to overcome the phenomenon of overburdened learning,the Soviet educator Babansky put forward the famous theory of Optimizing of Teaching Process on the basis of a comprehensive summary of the teaching experiment in the Rostov region.The theory includes the optimization of student's learning burden and the optimization of teacher's teaching process,both of which ultimately points to the rational development of students'physical and mental well-being.The theory of Optimization of Teaching Process is consistent with the spirit of teaching reform in the context of"Double Reduction"in China.The current teaching reform should start with the synergy of goals,scientification of methods,rationalization of content,high quality of resources and diversification of evaluation to construct an optimization system suitable for Chinese teaching process.