线粒体融合/分裂平衡在高血压靶器官损害及治疗中的作用研究进展

Research Progress on the Role of Mitochondrial Fusion/Fission Balance in Target Organ Damage and Treatment of Hypertension

线粒体融合/分裂平衡是维持线粒体正常形态结构和功能的关键。线粒体融合/分裂失衡包括线粒体过度融合/分裂不足和过度分裂/融入不足,前者导致线粒体体积增大,数量变少,生产ATP减少;后者导致线粒体体积变小,不成熟线粒体增多,无法生产充足的ATP。近年来研究发现,线粒体融合/分裂失衡参与到高血压导致的心脏、血管、脑及肾脏等靶器官损害的过程中,通过抑制线粒体过度分裂和过度融合,可有效改善心肌肥厚、减轻血管内膜炎症反应、抑制血管中膜及外膜发生血管重塑、保护脑组织免受氧化应激损害、延缓高血压脑卒中发生和减轻肾脏氧化损伤。

Mitochondrial fusion/fission balance is the key to maintain the normal structure and function of mitochondria.The imbalance of mitochondrial fusion/fission includes excessive fusion/fission deficiency and excessive fission/fusion deficiency.The former leads to an increase in the size and number of mitochondria and a decrease in the production of ATP,while the latter leads to a decrease in the size of mitochondria and an increase in the number of immature mitochondria and a deficiency in the production of ATP.In recent years,studies have found that the imbalance of mitochondrial fusion/fission is involved in the damage of heart,vessels,brain and kidney caused by hypertension.By inhibiting excessive mitochondrial fusion/fission,it can effectively improve myocardial hypertrophy,reduce inflammation of tunica intima,inhibit vascular remodeling of tunica media and adventitia,protect brain tissue from oxidative stress,delay the occurrence of hypertensive cerebral stroke and reduce oxidative damage of kidney by inhibiting excessive fission and fusion of mitochondria.