艺术传播视域下北宋“文人画”的兴起

The Rise of“Literati Painting”in the Northern Song Dynasty from the Perspective of Art Communication

过往关于“文人画”兴起的研究主要有两种叙事:一种将其归因于文人特有的艺术自觉;另一种则归因于时代背景转向催生了文人文化。但若将“文人画”置于宋代视觉文化转型的视角之下,就会发现这两种叙事都在不同程度上割裂了文人画家群体与社会背景及绘画活动的关系,使得两者在逻辑上难以有效衔接。因此,可在两种叙事之间补充中间论证,结合历史学、社会学和传播学的理论和方法,通过“媒介的转型”“新行为主体的加入”“话语的转变及传播”三个切入点,构建能将文化生活的兴起、城市化、文人网络的生长以及新绘画风格的形成彼此联系起来的机制性解释。

Previous research on the rise of“literati painting”mainly had two narratives:one attributed it to the unique artistic consciousness of literati;the other attributed it to the shift in historical background that gave rise to literati culture.But if"literati painting"is placed under the perspective of visual cultural transformation in the Song Dynasty,it will be found that these two narratives,to varying degrees,have cut off the relationship between the literati painter group,social background,and painting activities,making it difficult to effectively connect the two logically.Therefore,the intermediate argument can be supplemented between the two narratives.Combining the theories and methodologies of history,sociology and communication studies,from the three starting points of“the transformation of media”,"the addition of new actors",and“the transformation and communication of discourse”,we can build a mechanism explanation that links the rise of cultural life,urbanization,the gathering of literati networks,and the formation of the new painting styles.