浅谈高炉炉缸异常侵蚀的原因及防治

Causes and Prevention Measures against Abnormal Erosion of BF Hearth

通过对国内多座高炉炉缸的破损调查发现,在圆周方向上,铁口附近炉缸侧壁的炭砖侵蚀比较严重;在高度方向上,铁口中心线以下区域,特别是铁口中心线下方1.0~2.0m处的炭砖,侵蚀比铁口中心线上方区域严重;部分高炉的炉缸侧壁局部存在类似“老鼠洞”的侵蚀现象。导致炉缸异常侵蚀的原因主要有气隙影响传热、入炉碱金属负荷及锌负荷过高、高炉烘炉不彻底、高炉冶炼强度过高、风口漏水导致炉缸积水现象严重等。在高炉日常生产操作中,炉缸积水及气隙对炉缸的长寿及安全的危害应得到足够的重视,建议采取措施并形成一种常规管理制度,加强对炉缸积水及气隙的防治。

The survey on the refractory erosion of several domestic BF hearths shows that carbon brickson the hearth side wall near the tuyere are eroded heavily in the circumferential direction;As for the vertical direction,the carbon bricks in the area below the tuyere centerline,especially those at the points 1.0-2.0m below the tuyere center line are eroded more seriously than that above the tuyere centerline;The hearth side walls of some BFs sufferrat holes-like erosion locally and such abnormal erosion is mainly caused by gas gap(which will affect heat transfer),high alkali load and Zn load in the furnace,insufficient furnace preheating,high smelting intensity,and great water accumulation in the hearth due to water leakage of the tuyere.In the daily production operation of the furnace,it is suggested to highlight the danger of water accumulation and gas gap in the hearth to the hearth long campaign and safety,and take corresponding measures(to be set up as a regular management system)to prevent and control water accumulation and gas gap in the hearth.