野生生境青刺果根际土壤细菌群落结构多样性分析

Analysis of Bacterial Diversity and Community Structure in the Rhizosphere of Wild Prinsepia utilis Royle

探究在野生环境条件下,青刺果根际与非根际土壤细菌群落组成及多样性特征,为发展青刺果产业、优化青刺果植物生长状态及微生物资源开发利用提供理论依据。以生长在野生环境条件下,青刺果根际与非根际土壤为材料,通过HiSeq平台高通量双末端测序获得根际与非根际土壤内生细菌16S rRNA基因V3~V4区域序列,对其根际与非根际土壤细菌群落结构组成进行生物信息学分析。结果表明,青刺果根际与非根际土壤细菌主要由110个属组成,归属于11个门。相对丰度较高的门是Proteobacteria(变形菌门),其次是Acidobacteria(酸杆菌门)、Actinobacteria(放线菌门)。在纲分类水平上,根际土壤细菌特有的菌纲为Deinococci(异常球菌纲)、Elusimicrobia、Fibrobacteria(纤维杆菌纲)。非根际土壤细菌特有的菌纲为Negativicutes(厌氧菌纲)。在属分类水平上,酸杆菌亚属(Acidobacterium)总丰度最高,为优势属;丰度大于1%的根际、非根际土壤细菌分别有9个属和11个属。通过LEfSe聚类树分析,青刺果根际与非根际土壤细菌起到重要作用的微生物类群biomaker在丰度上存在显著差异。基于基因功能预测显示,青刺果根际与非根际土壤细菌群落主要涉及碳水化合物代谢、萜类化合物和聚酮类化合物代谢、细胞运动、氨基酸代谢和信号转导机制等27个二级功能,均表现出功能上的多样性和丰富性。通过对青刺果根际与非根际土壤细菌群落结构组成分析,明确了生长在野生环境下的青刺果植株,其土壤细菌群落多样性丰富,群落组成间存在共性与差异性;同时发现青刺果潜在食品安全风险。

The composition and diversity of bacterial communities in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere of wild Prinsepia utilis Royle were explored in order to provide a theoretical guidance for the development of Prinsepia utilis Royle industry and the optimization of its growing conditions.Moreover,to provide a theoretical guidance for the development and utilization of microbial source.Endophyte bacterial communities in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere of wild Prinsepia utilis Royle were tested by a HiSeq high throughput sequencing method,followed by bioinformatics analyses targeted at V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene.The results showed that the bacterial endophyte communities in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere of wild Prinsepia utilis Royle were mainly composed of 110 genera,belonging to 11 phyla.At the phylum level,the phylum Proteobacteria was found to be the highest in total abundance across all samples,followed by Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria.At the level of class distribution,Deinococci,Elusimicrobia and Fibrobacteria were only found in rhizosphere soil.In addition,Negativicutes was only found in non-rhizosphere soil.Acidobacterium was the most dominant bacterial genus,which was the highest in abundance.There were 9 and 11 genera of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil bacteria with abundance greater than 1%,respectively.Through the analysis of LEfSe,significant differences were found in the abundance of microbial group biomarker,which played an important role in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil bacteria.Furthermore,gene function prediction showed that the bacterial endophyte communities were mainly related to 27 sub-functions including the carbohydrate metabolism,metabolism of terpenoids and phlyketides,cell motility,amino acid metabolism,signal transduction,and so on.They all presented the diversity and abundance in functions.By analyzing the com`position and structure of bacterial communities in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere of wild Prinsepia utilis Royle,rich diversity was found in its bacterial communities.Similarities and differences were existed.At the same time,the potential food safety risks were found in Prinsepia utilis Royle used as food.