基于“瘤络瘀阻”病机探讨瘤周围刺对肿瘤的生物力学效应

Discussion on the biomechanical effect of the treatment of tumor by peripheral puncture based on the pathogenesis of‘tumor collateral stasis'

肿瘤属于“癥瘕”范畴,后者归为“络病”。癌病的核心病机为“瘤络瘀阻”,其与细胞外基质的刚度增加密切相关,日久瘤络癥瘕根深固结,则表现为肿块日益固定坚硬。针刺治疗方法直接作用于病变部位,可以产生多种机械力刺激作用。文章基于瘤络微型癥瘕形成的病机,从生物力学角度分析瘤周围刺的机械力刺激,可能通过作用于结缔组织而发挥一系列生物学效应,并通过实验研究发现瘤周围刺可以降低乳腺癌肿瘤组织的硬度。围绕“亢害承制”的瘤络瘀阻,采用瘤周围刺的治法,可能通过调节基质刚度使得局部“络道亢变”缓解,促进络脉气血处于相对平衡状态,继而抑制瘤络微型癥瘕的形成,从根本上降低肿块硬度,最终达到抑制肿瘤生长的作用。

Tumors belong in the category of‘lump’,which is classified as‘collateral disease’.The core pathogenesis of cancer is‘tumor collateral stasis',which is associated with increased stiffness of the extracellular matrix.Over time,the lump appears as an increasingly rigid and fixed lump.Acupuncture treatment directly acts on the lesion site and can produce a variety of mechanical force stimulation effects.Based on the etiology of lump formation,this paper studies the biomechanical aspects of mechanical stimulation of the surrounding spines,which could exert a series of biological effects by acting on connective tissue.Experimental studies show that the surrounding spines could reduce the hardness of breast cancer tumor tissue.Based on the treatment of tumor collateral stasis‘in the form of hyperactivity',the treatment with thorns around the tumor could alleviate the ‘localized hyperactivity of collateral'and tract by adjusting the stiffness of the matrix,promoting the relative balance of blood and qi in the complex,thus inhibiting the formation of lump micro-tumor,fundamentally reducing the hardness of the lump,and ultimately inhibiting tumor growth.