品德心理结构视角下德育实效性的影响因素与机制研究——基于全国中等职业学校学生发展状况调查

Research on the Influence Factors and Mechanism of Moral Education Effectiveness from the Perspective of Moral Psychological Structure——Based on the Development of the National Secondary Vocational Students Survey

基于品德心理结构理论,运用二元Logit回归模型和中介效应检验探讨德育实效性与德育知识理解、情感内化的关系,以及个人、家庭、学校和社会等因素对德育实效性的影响,并对知识理解、情感内化和行为外化间的影响机制进行检验。研究表明,德育实效性受个体对知识理解和情感内化程度的影响显著,且情感内化在知识理解和行为外化中起到部分中介作用,个人、家庭和学校因素对德育实效性都具有显著影响。因此,在教育实践中要提高德育实效性,深化德育知识的情感内化,让学生由被动接受知识转向主动情感建构;加强德育供给侧改革,教育内容由宏观抽象说教拓展到微观生活实践;建立良性的家校联动机制,保证德育在教育方向的一致性和整体性。

Based on the theory of moral psychological structure,binary logit regression model and intermediate effect test were used to explore the relationship between moral education effectiveness and knowledge understanding and emotional internalization,as well as the effects of individual,family,school and social factors on moral education,and tested the influence mechanism between knowledge understanding,emotional internalization and behavior externalization.The results show that the effectiveness of moral education is significantly affected by the degree of individual knowledge understanding and emotional internalization,and there is a partial mediating effect of emotional internalization in the relation between knowledge understanding and behavior externalization.Individual,family and school factors have a significant impact on the effectiveness of moral education.Therefore,in educational practice,to improve the effectiveness of moral education,the emotional internalization should be focused on,so that students can change from passive acceptance of knowledge to active emotional construction;The supply-side reform of moral education should be strengthened,and expand the educational content from macro abstract teaching to micro concrete life practice;The effective family-school collaboration mechanism should be established to ensure the consistency and integrity of moral education.