TC4钛合金二维超声振动车削性能研究

Research on Machinability of Two-dimensional Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Turning of TC4 Titanium Alloy

钛合金因其优越的物理和化学性能被广泛应用于航空航天、轮船船舶、武器制备等各类高精尖领域,但如何克服其高比热容、低热导率特性以实现高质高效加工也成为了机械加工领域的热点问题。二维超声振动车削加工工艺具有断续车削特性,能显著提升复合材料、脆性材料及陶瓷材料等难加工材料的车削效果。因此,采用二维超声振动车削工艺,对TC4钛合金进行车削加工,并从多种加工性能方面与传统车削进行对比。实验结果表明,二维超声振动车削工艺能够有效提高工件加工质量并降低切削过程中车削力,减小刀屑接触滑动区域与粘着区域的摩擦系数,延长刀具使用寿命的同时使其具有良好的断屑能力。另外,超声振动车削还会增大工件表面的加工硬化程度,细化表层晶粒,并增加工件表面残余应力。

Due tothe superior physical and chemical properties,titanium alloys are widely used in various high-precision fields such as aerospace,ships,and weapon preparation.However,how to overcome its high specific heat capacity and low thermal conductivity to achieve high-quality and efficient processing has also become a hot issue in the field of machining.The two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration turning process has the cha-racteristics of intermittent turning,which can significantly improve the turning effect of difficult-to-machine materials such as composite materials,brittle materials and ceramic materials.Therefore,the two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration turning process was used to turn the TC4 titanium alloy,and compared with the traditional turning in terms of different processing properties.The experimental results demonstrated that the two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration turning process can effectively improve the machining quality of the workpiece,reduce the turning force during the cutting process,reduce the friction coefficient between the chip contact sliding area and the adhesive area,improve the tool life and have good chip breaking ability.In addition,ultrasonic vibration turning will increase the degree of work hardening of the workpiece surface,refine the surface grains,and increase the residual stress on the workpiece surface.