“痘疹”考辨

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目前有学者认为痘疹是天花的别称,但通过对中医文献的梳理发现,“痘疹”一词在其产生之时其内涵即为“痘”“疹”疾病的类集,后世医家亦多延承此说。或因医家在论述痘疹时多重痘不重疹,且痘与疹临床症状多相互夹杂,亦有个别医家以痘疹之名单指痘疮者。古今学者多认为痘、痘疮即为天花,痘疹为天花的认知其根源即在于少数医家以痘疹单指痘疮。痘疹作为天花的别称,易造成医学术语的混淆,宜予以澄清。

Currently,some scholars believe that pox is an alias for variola,However,through sorting out Chinese medical literatures,we find that the term"pox"was connoted as a collection of"pox"and"rash"diseases at the time of its origin,and many later medical practitioners have continued to adopt this idea.The reason for this is that some medical practitioners focus on the treatment of pox rather than rash.Besides,the clinical symptoms of pox and rash are intermingled,so there are a few medical practitioners who use pox to refer to smallpox alone.Ancient and modern scholars believe that both pox and smallpox are variola.The root of the perception of pox as variola lies in the fact that a few medical practitioners refer to pox as smallpox.The term for pox,as an alias for variola,is easy to cause confusion in medical terminology.Thus,this study is to clarify their differences.