试点地区宅基地流转的实践探索与推进路径——基于安徽省东至县的考察

Practical Exploration and Promotion Path of Homestead Transfer in Pilot Areas: Based on the Investigation of Dongzhi County, Anhui Province

宅基地流转是宅基地“三权分置”改革中重点探索的内容。现阶段宅基地权能实际扩张、宅基地功能转型及宅基地流转范围突破促成了宅基地流转的现实需求。本文基于新一轮农村宅基地制度改革试点地区安徽省东至县的考察,对该县三个村探索的三种宅基地流转实践样态即“宅基地置换+村集体收储+工商企业租用”模式、“村集体主导+农户入股+合作社运作”模式及继承宅基地使用权管理模式进行案例分析,并分别从实施目标、实施资源禀赋、实施成效以及可推广性四个方面进行对比,进而结合新一轮农村宅基地制度改革要求提出宅基地流转的推进路径,以期为探索宅基地“三权分置”有效实现路径及完善宅基地制度提供有益参考,同时也为其他地区推进宅基地流转实践提供经验借鉴。

The circulation of rural homestead is the key exploration content in the reform of tripartite entitlement system of homestead.At the present stage, the actual expansion of homestead right, the functional transformation of homestead and the breakthrough in the scope of homestead circulation have contributed to the real demand for homestead circulation.Based on the investigation of Dongzhi County, Anhui Province, the pilot area of a new round of rural homestead system reform, this paper analyzes three types of homestead circulation practices explored by three villages in this county, a combination of “homestead replacement”,“village collective collection and storage” and “industrial and commercial enterprise lease” mode, a combination of “village collective leadership”,“farmers' participation”and “cooperative operation” mode and the management mode of inheriting the right to use rural homestead.This paper compares the implementation objectives, resource endowment, implementation effectiveness and popularization, and then propose the promotion path of homestead circulation in combination with the requirements of the new round of rural homestead system reform, with a view to providing useful reference for exploring effective realization path of the tripartite entitlement system of homestead and improving the homestead system, as well as providing experience for other regions to promote the practice of homestead circulation.