关于康德哲学“自在之物”若干问题的广谱分析

A Broad Spectrum Analysis of Some Problems in Kantian Philosophy

康德把统一的世界划分为“现象界”和“自在之物”的世界,并认为只有“现象”才可以被认识,而“现象”背后的“自在之物”不可以被认识。原因在于人在认识“现象”时,要通过某些“先天形式”或“先验范畴”(如因果范畴、时空范畴等),它们或多或少地对认识对象的认识有所增加或改变。运用广谱哲学的理论和方法,特别是应用可映像公理和等价性公理,可以对康德的这些观点予以清晰的结构分析和广义量化分析,从而澄清围绕“自在之物”若干问题上的混乱。

Kant divided the unified world into the world of“phenomenon”and the world of“thing in itself”,and believed that only“phenomenon”could be recognized,while the“thing in itself”behind“phenomenon”could not be recognized.The reason is that when people understand“phenomena”,they need to use some“priori form”or“priori category”(such as causal categories,space-time categories,etc.),which more or less increase or change the objects of cognition.Using the theories and methods of broad-spectrum philosophy,especially the axioms of reflection and equivalence,we can make a clear structural analysis and a generalized quantitative analysis of Kant’s views,so as to clarify some confusion.