基于“三境论”的传统村落景观特征与当代价值探析--以福建党城村为例

The Characteristics and Contemporary Value of Traditional Villages Landscape Based on the"Three Realms Theory":A Case Study of Dangcheng Village in Fujian Province

以厘清传统村落风景营建内涵为主旨,在汲取“三境论”研究经验的基础上,确立“自然认知-形式构架-意境升华”的景观解析框架;并通过对福建北部党城村的案例解析,梳理景观营建思维及其当代价值。研究表明,传统村落景观营建是在保障生存安全的前提下,以大尺度范围的山水秩序为参照,以人文理想为价值追求,进行空间格局、聚落秩序和节点场所的营建,形成“大尺度空间-聚落-人文空间”三级空间层级,积累了高度融合山水秩序与人工环境的空间法则,实现了“三美”一体的意境理想,是一种将生存经验与人文理想高度融合的景观营建原理与方法。

With the purpose of clarifying the connotation of traditional village landscape construction,the landscape analytical framework of"natural cognition-formal framework-artistic conception sublimation"is establishedon the basis of the"Three Realms Theory".Through the case analysis of Dangcheng Village in the north of Fujian Province,the research sorts out the thinking of landscape construction and its contemporary value.The results showthat the traditional village landscape construction is on the premise of guaranteeinghuman subsistence security,with the large scale landscape order as reference and the humanistic ideal as value pursuit,to guide the construction of spatial pattern,settlement order and node location.As a result,the traditional village landscape construction forms three-level space system,which contains"largescale space-settlement-humanistic space",accumulates space laws that highly integrates landscape order and artificial environment,and it realizes the ideal of"three beauties",which is a landscape construction principlethat highly combines the living experience and humanistic ideal.