全球价值链参与度对中国制造业全要素生产率及其变化率的影响

The Impact of Global Value Chain Participation on Total Factor Productivity and Its Rate of Change of China's Manufacturing Industry

本文利用OECD数据库同中国制造业进行匹配数据,并通过DEA-Malmquist指数测算了中国制造业的全要素生产率,研究了2001~2021年全球价值链参与度对中国制造业行业TFP及其变化率的影响。研究表明,全球价值链参与度对制造业TFP具有正向促进作用,对制造业TFP变化率的影响则呈现出“U型”关系。就异质性而言,在知识技术密集型行业中全球价值链参与度的提升对制造业TFP及其变化率具有显著的作用,而在资源劳动密集型行业中作用并不明显,金融危机前GVC参与度对TFP促进作用更加明显。进一步检验表明,全球价值链参与度会通过提高外资利用度来促进制造业TFP;TFP提升主要依靠技术进步的贡献。基于研究结论,提出了利用全球价值链国际参与度变动促进中国制造行业TFP提升的政策建议。

This paper uses the OECD database from 2001 to 2021 to match data with China's manufacturing industry,and uses the DEA-Malmquist index to measure the total factor productivity of China's manufacturing industry,and studies the impact of global value chain participation on China's manufacturing industry TFP and its effect of the rate of change.The research shows that global value chain participation has a positive effect on manufacturing TFP,while its impact on the change rate of manufacturing TFP shows a“U-shaped”relationship.In terms of heterogeneity,it is found that the improvement of global value chain participation has a significant effect on manufacturing TFP and its change rate in knowledge-based and technology-intensive industries,but not in resource-intensive industries,the effect of GVC participation on TFP is more obvious before the financial crisis.In further analysis,it is found that GVC participation will promote manufacturing TFP by increasing the utilization of foreign capital;the improvement of TFP mainly depends on the contribution of technological progress.Based on the research conclusions,policy recommendations are put forward to use the changes in the international participation of global value chains to promote the TFP improvement of China's manufacturing industry.