语法化与图式性构式化的共生模式:以“连”和“连XP都VP”的演变为例

The symbiosis model of grammaticalization and schematic constructionalization:The evolution of lian and"lian XP dou Vp"construction

学界对“连”和“连”字句的历时演变都有深入的研究,但鲜少探讨二者的关系,易将二者视作同一种演变过程。本文从历时构式语法视角进行分析,区分实体性“连”的语法化与图式性“连XP都VP”的构式化,认为二者具有共生关系,它们出于同样的条件和环境而同步产生,但又属于两种不同性质的语言演变,本质区别在于“连”的语法化不涉及“连XP都VP”构式化中的空位和图式化过程。据此,本文总结了语法化与图式性构式化的“共生模式”,具有“异质同生”“同体共生”“共生圈”“不可分性”“同步性”等五个特点,并论证了这种模式的共生力及跨语言普适性,希望有助于分析语法化与构式化的关系。

Both the evolution of lian(连)and lian construction have received extensive attention,but the relationship between the two is rarely discussed.Some scholars regard them as the same process.From the perspective of diachronic construction grammar,this paper proposes a symbiosis relation between the grammaticalization of substantive lian and the constructionalization of schematic"lian XP dou Vp"(连XP都VP).That is,they are co-produced under the same conditions and context,but they belong to two different kinds of language evolutions.The essential difference is that the grammaticalization of lian does not involve the slot and schematization in the constructionalization of"lian XP dou Vp".Based on this,we summarize a symbiosis model of grammaticalization and schematic constructionalization,which has five characteristics of"heterogeneous co-existence","same body symbiosis","symbiotic circle","indivisibility"and"synchrony".The symbiotic force and crosslinguistic applicability of this model are also argued in this paper.It is hoped that it will help to further explore the relationship between grammaticalization and constructionalization.