多义面形容词的语义生成与阐释——基于“假N”搭配的分析

On meaning generation and interpretation of multi-facet adjectives:An analysis based on "jia N"collocation

本文基于生成词库论视域下的物性结构理论和语义类型理论,讨论了多义面形容词“假”和不同语义类型名词搭配时“假N”的语义生成与阐释问题。当“假”和自然类搭配时,作用于施成角色,取“人造的”义面;和人造类搭配时,一般作用于施成角色、施成者或材料角色,取“伪造的、假冒的”义面,少数情况取“非真实的”义面;和合成类搭配时,作用于其某个义面的物性角色或整个义面,未必有现成的义面来概括。另外,“假”还可以作用于任意类词语的评价角色,有些情况下取“非真正的”义面。可见,不同“假N”的语义阐释虽然不同,但有着一致的语义生成机制,即“假”作用于名词的某个物性角色或语义侧面,而非名词的整体。本文为多义面形容词的研究提供了新思路。

This paper discusses the meaning generation and interpretation of the multifacet adjective jia(假)when it collocates with different types of nouns,based on the qualia structure and semantic type theories under Generative Lexicon.When jia collocates with natural types,it acts on agentive and selects the facet of renzaode(artificial);when collocating with artifactual types,it acts on agentive,agent or material,and normally selects the facet of weizaode,jiamaode(counterfeit),or the facet of feizhenshide(unreal)in rare cases;when collocating with complex types,it acts on certain qualia role from one of the facets or even on the whole facet of the noun while there may be no ready-made facet to interpret the adjective.Moreover,jia can also act on the role of evaluation for any type of noun and conditionally selects the facet of feizhenzhengde(non-genuine).It is revealed that all"jia N"share the same mechanism of meaning formation though differing in meaning interpretations.It is certain qualia role or facet,instead of the noun as a whole,that is combined with jia.This paper is intended to shed some light on the study of multi-facet adjectives.