北京市创建控烟示范单位职工控烟知识知晓情况及与吸烟情况的关联性分析

Investigation on the awareness of controlling tobacco knowledge among employees in the established tobacco control demonstration units in Beijing and association analysis of smoking situation

目的了解北京市创建控烟示范单位职工控烟知识知晓情况及与吸烟情况的关联性,为更有效地开展控烟示范单位创建工作提供方向和指导。方法基于北京市控烟示范单位创建活动项目,采用多阶段分层抽样方法抽取2019年北京市所有创建控烟示范单位中的正式职工14599人为研究对象。问卷调查基本情况、吸烟情况、控烟知识知晓情况。使用SPSS 20.0和R 3.6.2进行χ^(2)检验,采用多水平logistic回归模型分析职工控烟知识得分与吸烟情况的关联。结果2019年北京市创建控烟示范单位职工的吸烟率为15.47%,不同性别、年龄、文化程度职工的吸烟率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2019年北京市控烟示范单位职工的烟草危害知识得分中位数为8分(P_(25)~P_(75):7~9分),职工的控烟法规知识得分中位数为6分(P_(25)~P_(75):5~7分)。多水平logistic回归分析结果显示,职工烟草危害知识得分与吸烟低风险相关(OR=0.891,P<0.01),控烟法规知识得分与吸烟的关联无统计学意义(OR=1.022,P>0.05);分层分析结果显示,个体烟草危害知识得分与男性(OR=0.892)、女性(OR=0.867)、各年龄组人群(OR值<1)、高中或职高(OR=0.891)、本科或大专文化程度(OR=0.887)人群吸烟低风险相关,均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论北京市创建控烟示范单位职工吸烟率较低,烟草危害知识得分是吸烟的影响因素,今后应针对不同特征人群加强健康宣教、提供戒烟服务,进一步降低目标人群吸烟率。

Objective To understand the awareness of controlling tobacco knowledge and its correlation with the smoking status of employees in demonstration units for tobacco control in Beijing,and provide the direction and guidance for more effective development of tobacco control demonstration units.Methods Based on the establishment of tobacco control demonstration units in Beijing,the multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to select 14599 formal employees in all these units of Beijing in 2019 as the objects.The investigation was performed with the questionnaires(including the basic condition,smoking and awareness of controlling tobacco knowledge).Theχ^(2) test and multi-level logistic regression model were used to analyze the correlation between smoking and awareness of controlling tobacco knowledge in employees.The used software were SPSS 20.0 and R 3.6.2.Results In 2019,the smoking rate of employees in tobacco control demonstration units of Beijing was 15.47%,and there were significant differences in smoking rates among employees with different gender,age,and educational level(P<0.01).In 2019,the median score of tobacco hazards knowledge in employees of tobacco control demonstration units in Beijing was 8 points(P_(25)-P_(75):7-9 points),and the median score of employees'knowledge of tobacco control regulations was 6 points(P_(25)-P_(75):5-7 points).The results of multi-level logistic regression analysis showed that the score of tobacco hazards knowledge in employees was associated with lower risk of smoking(OR=0.891,P<0.01).And there was no significant correlation between the score of knowledge of controlling tobacco regulations and smoking status(OR=1.022,P>0.05).The results of stratified analysis showed that the score of individual tobacco hazards knowledge correlated with the lower risk of smoking in residents with males(OR=0.892),females(OR=0.867),people of all age groups(OR values<1),high school or vocational high school(OR=0.891),and undergraduate or junior college education level(OR=0.887),P<0.05.Conclusion The smoking rate of employees in tobacco control demonstration units of Beijing is low,and the awareness of tobacco hazards knowledge is the influencing factor of smoking.In the future,it is necessary to strengthen the health education and provide the smoking cessation services for people with different characteristics to further reduce the smoking rate of the targeted population.