水雾对激光加工CFRP的影响特性研究

Study on the effect of water-mist on laser processing of CFRP

为了研究水雾对激光加工碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)的影响,采用水雾辅助激光加工CFRP的方法,通过正交实验、多元线性回归分析和光学仪器进行了理论分析和实验验证,得到了水雾对激光加工CFRP的影响规律并优化了工艺参数。结果表明,随着喷嘴高度、喷嘴角度增加和气体压力减小,激光光斑直径逐渐减小;随着喷嘴角度增加和气体压力减小,激光损失率逐渐减小,喷嘴高度对激光功率影响小;当喷嘴角度50°、气体压力0.2 MPa和喷嘴高度为30 mm时,可以获得最大5.303的深宽比,此时激光损失率为1.473%;建立的水雾参数与加工质量之间的经验公式可以预测切缝内部特征;与气体辅助激光加工CFRP相比,水雾辅助激光加工CFRP可以获得更小的截面热影响区和更大的槽深。该研究可为激光低损伤加工CFRP提供参考。

To study the effect of water-mist on laser processing of carbon fiber reinforced plastic(CFRP).A method was used to process CFRP with a water-mist assisted laser.Theoretical analysis and experimental verification were carried out by orthogonal experiment,multiple linear regression analysis,and optical instruments.The effect of water-mist on the laser processing of CFRP was obtained,and the process parameters were optimized.The results show that the spot diameter of the laser gradually decreases with the increase of nozzle height,nozzle angle,and the decrease in gas pressure.As the nozzle angle increases and the gas pressure decreases,the laser loss rate decreases gradually.The nozzle height has little effect on laser power.When the nozzle angle is 50°,the gas pressure is 0.2 MPa,and the nozzle height is 30 mm,a depth-width ratio up to 5.303 can be obtained,and the laser loss rate is 1.473%.The internal characteristics of the kerf can be predicted by establishing empirical formulas between the water-mist parameters and the machining quality.Finally,compared with the gasassisted laser processing of CFRP,smaller cross-section heat-affected zone and larger groove depth can be obtained by the watermist-assisted laser processing of CFRP.This study provides a reference for laser low-damage processing of CFRP.